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  • Essay / Absolute power: a state of war against one's people

    Hobbes' government is impossible, first, because the people have no arbitrary power to transfer. Second, a government that is not bound by laws is not a government at all since it remains in a state of nature with its citizens. Finally, the right of the Hobbesian sovereign to withdraw property from his subjects makes the establishment of this form of government incongruous because the purpose of government is the protection of property. Absolute arbitrary government only exists when the government oversteps its authority and that is not something to strive for. Therefore, the government that Hobbes proposes to emerge from the state of war would directly introduce or prepare the ground for civil war. In Locke's Treatise, the social contract binds citizens to a government responsible to its citizens. If the government fails to represent the interests of its citizens, they have the right and obligation to overthrow it. In contrast, in Hobbes' Leviathan, there is no reciprocal relationship between the ruler and the ruled. Absolute arbitrary government hands over all rights to the sovereign and citizens lose their rights. It is because of these different views on the purpose and origin of government that Locke's "Second Treatise on Government" can be said to be a successful refutation of Hobbes's idea..