In recent years, several states have enacted employment nondiscrimination laws (ENDA) to prohibit discrimination in employment. workplace on the basis of sexual orientation. Currently, ENDAs exist in twenty-two states, including the District of Columbia (Martell, 2013). Although ENDAs aim to end discrimination based on sexual orientation in the workplace, they must be expanded to the federal level in order to be maximally effective. Indeed, discrimination based on sexual orientation still exists today widely in the field of employment. Tilcsik's (2011) audit study on employment discrimination among openly gay men proves that this type of discrimination is still strongly present in the labor market. According to Martell's (2013) study, ENDAs were successful in reducing wage gaps for behaviorally homosexual men. Martell's (2013) work shows the positive and potential impact that increased protection against employment discrimination could have on gays and lesbians. Given that hiring discrimination is still prevalent in the United States, stronger policies to combat discrimination based on sexual orientation in the workplace are imperative mechanisms for increasing employment equality. job. Tilcsik (2011) conducted one of the first and largest audit studies of sexual orientation-related hiring discrimination among openly gay men. in the United States. The study is one of the first to examine this practice in geographic areas that differ in the acceptance of homosexuality in the workforce due to popular attitudes and local laws (p. 592). Audit studies use experimental methods in real employment situations. These may include in-person audits or correspondence tests. Tilcsik (2011) implements mail-in tests, which use fictitious matching resumes to measure sexual orientation...... middle of article ...... tion of ENDAs, so that America progresses and reduces discrimination based on sexual orientation in the labor market. Works Cited Klawitter, M. (2011). Multilevel analysis of the effects of anti-discrimination policies on earnings by sexual orientation. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 30(2),334-358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.20563 Martell, M. (2013). Do ENDAs end discrimination against behaviorally homosexual men? Journal of Labor Research, 34(2), 147-169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12122-012-9154-9Neumark, D. and Stock, W.A. (2006). The labor market effects of gender and racial discrimination laws. Economic Inquiry, 44(3), 385-419.Tilcsik, A. (2011). Pride and prejudice: Employment discrimination against openly gay men in the United States. American Journal of Sociology, 117(2), 586-626.http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/661653