'How has globalization shaped energy systems in emerging economies and the South? Illustrate your answer with reference to the case study country you have chosen.’1. Defining Globalization After the Cold War, the word "globalization" was commonly used in an era of unprecedented interconnectedness where advanced nations were experiencing ruthless development by exploiting energy resources and emphasizing the cultural forms of countries in development. To identify the definition of “globalization,” it is important to clarify its appearance as well as its implications. A notable mechanism frequently used to interpret “globalization” is “the world economy.” During the colonial era, the simultaneous behaviors of global capital and energy resources flowing from colonies to Western countries were considered the rudiments of economic geography (Jürgen and Niles, 2005). Today, the global economy is dominated by transnational corporations and banking institutions located mostly in developed countries. However, it appears that countries with a higher level of overall national power are hungry for a larger market to sell surplus domestic production and allocate energy resources globally, thus leading to economic integration. worldwide. This module has been supported by several historical globalists (Paul Hirst, Grahame Thompson and Deepak Nayyer) "their position is that globalization is nothing new but more fashionable and exaggerated, a huge internationalization of money and trade in previous periods is hardly lower than that of today. .' (Frans J Schuurman 2001: 64). Another important factor promoting globalization is called “global politics”. Foreign policymakers face the challenge of fundamental change in the current energy system, middle of paper, at the expense of energy resources. The complex geopolitics required Indonesia to maintain relatively stable international relations with its allies through long-term energy supplies. Through multilateral cooperation, Indonesia can easily modernize its energy industry by establishing hydroelectric power plants and thermal power plants instead of its coal-fired power plants. Importing equipment and hiring competent experts from advanced countries contributes to Indonesia's automotive research and management innovation in the energy sector. Improving the efficiency of energy production can significantly alleviate energy poverty and reduce carbon dioxide emissions and, to a certain extent, better management of energy consumption. In conclusion, Indonesia's energy system presents both risks and opportunities in globalization, but the vision of the Indonesian nation should look to the future. necessary for a sustainable future.