Often, social workers have clients who have experienced discrimination, oppression, or are considered a vulnerable population. When working with these types of clients, it is crucial to understand a client's biological, psychological, and social contexts (Berzoff, 2011). The paradigm, also called a model or framework, is called biopsychosocial. According to Garland and Howard (2009), "this paradigm, first formulated by physician George Engel (1977), holds that humans are dynamic systems whose functioning depends on the holistic integration of biological, psychological, and social factors ; indeed, according to the biopsychosocial model, these factors are fundamentally interrelated and interdependent (p. 191). Experiences, whether positive or negative, affect all individuals in one, if not all, of these contexts. For example, according to Berzoff (2011), if a client is the victim of neglect and/or abuse, it affects them biologically and psychologically and, most of the time, will impact their social interactions with others in their social environment . Social workers must understand this framework and be able to implement it effectively in their clinical work with clients. Professionals should use this paradigm to explore, evaluate and intervene with the client (Lundy,