UtilitarianismThe area of ​​ethics in philosophy is complex, vast and highly controversial. This involves systematizing, defending and revising the concepts of right and wrong. Philosophers generally divide ethics into 3 main divisions: metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics. Applied ethics is the branch of ethics that involves the analysis of specific and controversial moral issues such as abortion, animal rights or euthanasia. Normative ethics is, in its simplest form, the search for ideal rules to test appropriate behavior. Relatedly, several strategies are used to determine appropriate behavior, one of which is consequentialism. According to consequentialism, an action is determined to be right or wrong based solely on the outcome of the action; If the result has more positive effects than negative ones, the action is considered good and vice versa. Consequentialist theories became popular in the 18th century because it was quicker to morally evaluate actions without worrying about instinctive intuitions or a long list of questionable actions. In addition to this, three subdivisions emerge from consequentialism: Ethical egoism: an action sought to be morally right if the consequences of that action are considered more favorable than unfavorable only by the agent performing the action. Ethical altruism: an action is considered morally right if the consequences of that action are considered more favorable than unfavorable to everyone except the agent who performs the action. Utilitarianism: an action is considered as morally right if the consequences of that action are considered morally right. be more favorable than unfavorable to everyone, including the agent performing the action. All three theories are based on middle of paper......in a different way why murder is bad. In addition to taking someone's life, it also causes pain, suffering, and general unhappiness. Although people may have different general beliefs, most believe that pain is bad and pleasure is good. It is also impartial and just in promoting general happiness and considering the theory of all and the neutrality of agents. Additionally, it is flexible and does not rely on strict labels and rules. For example: Stealing is a bad thing, but in Robin Hood, when he stole from the rich and gave to the poor, he was doing something that pleased most, thus justifying his actions. An action is justified as good and morally right if it benefits more people than it harms them. There is no doubt that any theory is perfect, but when utilitarianism is well understood and accustomed to a situation, it comes close..