A Global ProblemPolice moonlighting is not just a problem in the United States. Undeclared work is individually restricted or prohibited in Australia, England and Japan. This practice is, however, quite common in one form or another in Canada and the United States (Bayley 1996). Under Russian law, police are allowed only very limited outside employment. Under Militia Law, permitted professions are limited to those related to teaching, research, and the arts. A study of officers in Russia found that 49 percent of more than two thousand respondents said they do some type of outside work during their off hours. Eighteen percent also reported engaging in other tasks during their on-duty hours. Almost all officers performed work prohibited by the Militia Act. Most worked in some form of private security when off duty. Nearly half worked in off-duty transportation services and about 30 percent worked in retail/wholesale trade. Just under half reported working as private security guards during the hours they were employed as police officers. Low wages were described as the main reason for taking additional employment. There was an average increase of 72 percent in police officers' monthly income due to their additional employment (Wilson, et al. 2008). Slovenia prohibits police officers from working undeclared in roles that overlap with those of the police, such as for private security companies or private detectives. . Although illegal moonlighting was not observed by Sotlar and Meško, they suspect that it occurs as it does in other countries with similarly restrictive policies (Sotlar and Meško 2009). Similarly, in Brazil, moonlighting in the police is prohibited by law, although it is common... middle of paper... and public security. Undeclared work can pose a serious threat to the safety of agents. With fewer resources and increased fatigue, officers are more likely to suffer serious injuries. Many agents are killed while moonlighting as private security (AIMS 1991). According to Brazilian military statistics, the majority of military police killed in Brazil were killed under the table (Macaulay 2007). About nine percent of officers killed over the past decade in the United States were killed while off duty. Although the report does not specify the officer's function beyond his off-duty status, based on the reported circumstances of the officer's death, thirty-five instances could have occurred while he was working under the table (FBI 2011). A search of Officer Down's memorial page reveals 61 deaths over the past several decades that occurred while the officer was moonlighting (ODMP 2011).