Annotated bibliographyArmbrust, M., Fox, A., Griffith, R., Joseph, AD, Katz, R., Konwinski, A., ... & Zaharia, M. (2010) . A vision of cloud computing. Communications of the ACM, 53(4), 50-58. The article introduces the definition of cloud computing as both the applications provided as services over the Internet and the data centers that provide these services. The article also compares cloud computing to conventional data storage in many aspects. The author concluded that cloud computing is superior because it simplifies operation and increases utilization through virtualization of resources. The author successfully compared cloud computing with conventional data storage using a graph of the computing process and a table of the advantages of each method. The detailed calculations carried out by the author are also convincing in illustrating the effectiveness of cloud computing. The article helped people understand why cloud computing was better than conventional computing methods. Ryan, M.D. (2011). Cloud computing privacy concerns at our doorstep. Communications of the ACM, 54(1).Cloud computing raises privacy concerns because the service provider has access to all the data and could accidentally or deliberately disclose it and use it for unauthorized purposes. The article gave an example of such a problem when discussing conference management systems. Conference information could be disclosed to unrelated people, leading to undesirable consequences. The article also suggested several ways to prevent the security problem, such as processing encrypted data in the cloud. One thing the article didn't do well is that it didn't introduce enough information about cloud computing and jumped into the privacy issues of c...... middle of paper .. .... ses.Jackson, KR, Ramakrishnan, L., Muriki, K., Canon, S., Cholia, S., Shalf, J., ... & Wright, New Jersey (November 2010). Performance analysis of high-performance computing applications on the Amazon Web Services Cloud. Cloud Computing Technology and Science, 10, 159-168. The paper evaluated the performance of high-performance computing (HPC) applications on Amazon EC2 web services. It showed that Amazon EC2 is slower than a conventional computer system. EC2's internal communication severely limits performance and causes significant variability. Good tables and graphs have been used to illustrate the poor performance of EC2 compared to the conventional computer system. The article made people wonder about cloud computing by questioning the performance of cloud computing. It is helpful for people to understand the trade-off of cloud computing technique.