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Essay / Impact of electric vehicles - 2019
Today, energy security and global climate change are two major issues affecting people and the environment around the world (IEA, 2010). These issues are highly integrated with each other and mitigating global climate change without affecting energy security is becoming an important challenge for many governments and policy makers in the 21st century (Brown & Sovacool, 2011). In recent years, energy security has become a major concern in many jurisdictions due to increasing demand for energy, rising energy costs and problems in energy production and supply (IEA, 2010 ). According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), energy security can be described as “uninterrupted physical availability at an affordable price, while respecting environmental concerns” (IEA, 2011). The global demand for energy is increasing rapidly with increasing human population, urbanization and modernization across the world (Asif & Muneer, 2008). Over the past two decades, global primary energy consumption has increased by 45%, and it is expected to continue growing by 39% over the next two decades (BP, 2011). Today, fossil fuels – notably oil, gas and coal, are the main sources of primary energy to meet the world's energy needs. In 2008, nearly 81% of the world's primary energy needs were met by fossil fuels, including 33.2% from oil; coal - 27% and natural gas - 21.1% [ref.]. Fossil fuels accounted for the largest share of the world's primary energy supply, with the remainder coming from hydropower, nuclear, biomass, geothermal, wind and solar. According to the World Energy Outlook's (WEO) 2011 Golden Age of Gas (GAS) scenario, fossil fuel supplies will continue to be the dominant energy sources and will account for more than half of the increase in ...... middle of paper . .....better consistency of the analysis.• Equal allocation: in this approach, it is assumed that the wind electricity produced is allocated equally to all electric vehicles, regardless of individual needs.• Allocation demand: in this approach it is assumed that the generated wind electricity is allocated to each electric vehicle according to its respective demand, so that charging electric vehicles with higher demand is preferable to charging vehicles electric vehicles with lower demand. This research also considers the effect of the introduction of electric vehicles for weekday commuting among passengers. transport and discusses the overall carbon impact of commuting; the results are extrapolated for different travel distances. This research used Prince Edward Island, specifically the city of Summerside, as a case study, but the general approach can be applied to other cities, provinces or regions..