Table of ContentsIntroduction [WU4]Thin Layer ChromatographyAdvantages of TLC MethodRetardant FactorOverviewMaterial, Method and DiscussionConclusion [WU5]MethodDiscussionSummary: Carica papaya tree always has a trunk main soft and it is tufted with leaves which are at the top. Its fruits differ in shape, size, taste and color. Papaya is grown in almost all tropical countries and used as medicine. The flavonoid Quecertin is a plant pigment found in many plants and foods, it is used as a standard in the TLC[WU1] of the aqueous extraction of Carica papaya. The gist [WU2] of this experiment is to optimize the TLC protocol of the aqueous extract of Carica papaya using the correct mobile solvent which will give the best resolution. The separation depends on the relative affinity of the compounds toward the stationary phase. Compounds under the influence of the mobile phase (driven by capillarity) move on the surface of the stationary phase. During this movement, compounds with a strong affinity for the stationary phase move slowly while others move more quickly. Thus, separation of components is achieved.[WU3]Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essayKeywords: Carica papaya, Quecertin Flavonoid, Thin Layer Chromatography.Introduction [WU4] Carica papaya is a plant commonly known as papaya or pawpaw as it belongs to the caricaceae plant family. Papaya is a tree plant with a singing vapor that grows 5 to 10 cm tall, it has a set of spiral leaves that are tapered to the top of the stem. Papaya contains a broad spectrum of phytochemicals that include latex enzymes, fruit and seed carotenoids, leaf alkaloids, fruit, leaf and shoot phenolics, and seed and fruit glucosinolates. . The fruits are large oval in shape and resemble melons in having a central cavity for seeds, which is why they are sometimes called pepolike berries. The fruits weigh up to 9.072 kg and are green until ripe, turning yellow or red-orange. The flesh is yellow-orange to salmon (pink-orange) when ripe. The edible part surrounds the large central cavity of the seeds. Whole papaya contains a wide variety of pharmacologically active components. It contains high nutritional value which helps prevent cholesterol oxidation. “This plant is cultivated in almost all tropical and subtropical countries of the world including India, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Nigeria and Tanzania etc.” (Subenthiran et al. 2013). Papaya is used medically to treat smooth upper respiratory tract conditions and many diseases or infections such as psychiatric illnesses, scorpion bites, hypertension-related toothache, tuberculosis, liver inflammations, arthritis and rheumatism. Crushed Carica papaya leaves have been used for anthelmintic and fever purposes. The main active ingredient present in papaya leaves is the macrocyclic lactone carpain. This compound can reduce blood pressure and heart rate, the movement of intestinal linings and can also cause marked relaxation of the uterus and dilation of the bronchiotes. , green tea, apples, berries, Ginkgo biloba and it is used as medicine'' (2018 musts). Quercetin flavonoids are phenolic substances, so certain types of cancer, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease risks are reduced by ingestionflavonoids. “The flavonoid Quecertin is known for its anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory and antihypertensive properties as it is an important bioflavonoid present in many plant materials” (Parasuraman et al. 2016: 89). Thin layer chromatographyThin layer chromatography (TLC) is a technique widely used in synthetic chemistry to identify compounds, determine their purity and monitor the progress of a reaction. It also makes it possible to optimize the solvent system for a given separation problem. This only requires a small amount of compound and is also much faster. “Thin layer chromatography uses a thin, uniform layer of silica gel or alumina applied to a piece of glass, metal, or rigid plastic” (Clark. 2007). The mobile phase is a suitable liquid solvent or mixture of solvents. Solvents are used for separation of mixture of highly polar and non-polar compounds. Methanol and acetone are one of the solvents that can be used in thin layer chromatography. Methanol is commonly used for the extraction of bioactives and for the extraction of various polar compounds, but some groups of nonpolar compounds are impartially soluble in methanol, or even freely soluble. This technique involves checking the purity of the given samples, identifying compounds such as acids, alcohols, proteins, alkaloids, amines, antibiotics, etc. It evaluates the reaction process by evaluating intermediates, reaction progress, etc. Advantages of the TLC method It is a simple process that has a short development time. It makes it easier to see separate compound points. The method helps in identifying individual compounds. It helps in isolating most of the compounds. The separation method is faster and the selectivity of compounds is higher (even small chemical differences are enough for clear separation). The standards of purity for the given sample can be assessed easily.It is a less expensive chromatographic method.Components of the TLCTLC plate system, preferably ready to use with stationary phase: these are stable and chemically inert plates, on which a fine stationary phase layer is applied over its entire surface layer. The stationary phase on the plates is of uniform thickness and has a fine particle size. The TLC chamber is used for developing TLC plates. The chamber maintains a uniform environment inside for good stain development. It also prevents solvent evaporation and keeps the process dust-free. The mobile phase includes a solvent or mixture of solvents. The mobile phase used must be particle free and of the highest purity for proper development of TLC spots. Recommended solvents are chemically inert with the sample, a stationary phase. Retarding factor A retarding factor is a characteristic value of a given compound (provided it has the same stationary and mobile phases as those used). “This value provides corroborating evidence as to the identity of a compound” (Clack.2007). It is always known that the range of values ​​should be between 0 and 1. The formula used to calculate the retardation factor is as follows: Overview Traditional plants contain various secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, steroids, alkaloids and aterpenoids. These compounds exhibit antioxidant activities that include the scavenging of free radical species and inhibit the production of reactive species resulting from normal cellular metabolism. The present study was undertaken to analyze the thin layer chromatography and antioxidant activities ofthe methanolic extract of a Carica papaya leaf. Antioxidant activities were carried out by DPPH free radical scavenging test, which includes OH* radical scavenging test, NO* radical scavenging test, Fe3+* reducing power test and phosphomolybdeum reduction test. . The Carica papaya tree is always with a soft, tufted main trunk. leaves at the top. Papaya fruits vary in size, shape, color and taste. Antioxidants play an important role in the body's defense system against reactive oxygen species (ROS), because they combine with reactive oxygen species and reverse their toxic effect. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide along with other exogenous factors are generally the cause of several deadly diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and cancer. Thus, any plant with antioxidant activity could be a potential avenue for treating one of the above diseases. Material, method and discussion Carica papaya leaves were collected from Porur, Chennai, India. The plant was authenticated by Prof.Dr.N. Raaman Center for Advanced Study in Botany, University of Madras and Chennai in India. The leaves were carefully washed and dried in the shade for 10 days. The dried leaves were processed into a coarse powder using a mechanical blender and stored in an airtight container until further use. The leaves were ground and powdered as a solvent by maceration. First, grow in methanol for 3 days. Then, the supernatant was filtered through filter paper. The powdered extracts were concentrated using a rotary evaporator and a greenish-black colored sticky residue was obtained. Thin layer chromatography was carried out for the methanol extract of c.papaya leaves on Merck TLC aluminum foils, silica gel 60 F254 (20 x 20 cm), pre-coated plates. The methanolic extract of c.papaya leaves was spotted 0.3 mm above the bottom of the TLC plate. The chromatogram was developed in a mixture of an appropriate solvent system. The spots were visualized with ultraviolet light at 254 nm. The Rf values ​​of the colored spots were recorded. The methanolic extract of c.papaya leaves was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening using standard methods. The methanolic extract of c.papaya leaves was analyzed for different classes of phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids and glucosinolates, etc. Total flavonoid content was determined by the aluminum chloride (AlCl3) method using Quecertin as a standard. The plant extract (0.1 mL) was added to the 0.3 mL of distilled water, followed by 5% NaNO3 (0.03 mL). After 5 minutes at 25°C, AlCl3 (0.03 ml, 10%) was added. After an additional 5 min, the reaction mixture was treated with 0.2 ml of 1 mM NaOH. Finally, the reaction mixture was diluted to 1 mL with water and the absorbance was measured at 510 nm. The result was expressed in Quecertin equivalent. Radical scavenging tests were measured and their results were obtained and calculated using, Conclusion [WU5] The methanolic extract of C. papaya leaves showed the presence of significant amount of phenols and flavonoids. Method 7 mg of quercetin flavonoid and 5 mg of dried Carica papaya were both weighed using an analytical balance. Solutions of 5 mg/ml Carica papaya and 7 mg/ml quercetin flavonoid were prepared in a conical tube using distilled water. With a pencil, a fine 0.9.