In order to answer the question above, one must understand what is meant by the term “racial crime debate.” Bowling and Philips (2002) found that the debate over "race and crime" was largely detached from the discussion of ethnic differences in the extent and nature of victimization and how patterns of delinquency and victimization are linked. Bowling and Philips (2002) found that until recently, the debate over “race and crime” was preoccupied with other issues. The first is whether people from minority ethnic groups are “more likely to commit criminal offences”, unlike those from the majority white population. “This debate has focused on an analysis of “official” crime statistics, particularly arrest and prison data – which show marked variations between different ethnic groups” (Bowling and Philips 2002, P76) where rates high levels of official delinquency are identified. Bowling and Phillips (2002, P76) argue that one of the most controversial questions in the field of criminology is: "Is it because the criminal justice system treats blacks unfairly, or because blacks are more likely to commit crimes? Thus, by examining the race and crime debate and the biological aspect together, one might better understand why there may be good reasons to reject biological approaches to criminalization. Hawkins (1995) showed that biological and biosocial studies constitute a “biological organization.” with four levels which he describes as follows, the structure of genetic and organic molecules, the function of neurons, the biochemistry of neurotransmitter hormones and the functioning of neurological organ systems (the brain) (Hawkins 1995). Ellis (1990) found that biocrime researchers assume that among noncriminals...... middle of article ...... [Criminal Man]. Turnin: Fratelli Bocca. Herrnstein, RJ and Murray, C. (1994) The bell curve: intelligence and class structure in American life. New York: Free Press. Gardner, H. (1993) Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligence. London: Fontana Press. Thurston, LL (1947) Multiple factor analysis: development and expansion of the 'vectors of the mind'. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Volavka, J. (2002) Neurobiology of violence: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. Washington DC. Sampson and Wilson (1992) Miller, J.G. (1997) Search and Destroy: African American Men in the Criminal Justice System. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pearson, G. (1983) Hooligan: A Tale of Respectable Fears. London: Macmillan. Hirschi, T. and Hindelang, MJ (1977) Intelligence and Delinquency: A revisionists Review. American Sociological Review.