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Essay / Suez Crisis Essay - 1245
How did the Suez Crisis impact Britain's status as a global imperial power? The Suez Crisis began on October 29, 1956 when Israel invaded Egypt's Sinai Peninsula ("Timeline: The Suez Crisis"). Tensions had risen between Egypt and Israel because Egyptian President Nasser had taken control of the Suez Canal and blocked the Strait of Tiran to Israeli shipping. This angered not only Israel, but also Britain and France, as they needed access to the Suez Canal to trade and acquire oil from the Persian Gulf. As a result, these three countries united to invade Egypt and remove Nasser from power in order to allow Britain and France to regain control of the canal (Derek). Although the British and French armies managed to completely occupy the Suez Canal Zone in just ten days, pressure from the United States and the Soviet Union through the UN forced them to withdraw from Egypt (“The Suez Crisis of 1956”). This marked the end of the war and Israel succeeded in gaining freedom of navigation through the Strait of Tiran. Although the Suez Canal was once again open to trade, Britain and France suffered most from this war because they failed to achieve their main goals: removing Nasser from power and taking control of the canal. During this period, Britain experienced conflicts in its domestic and international relations (Neely) which contributed to its already declining status as a global imperial power by proving to the world Britain's lack of power over others. nations. Before Britain's involvement in the Suez Crisis, its domestic situation was fairly stable although in 1955 the Prime Minister changed from Winston Churchill to Anthony Eden. (“Story of Sir Anthony Eden”). Before Eden's election, Winston Churchill was the main influencer in the paper world, which was inevitable anyway due to strong nationalism. Even if it seems that the Suez Crisis was directly responsible for the independence of certain colonies, they had long had ideas of nationalization but achieved it after a few years. While Britain was preoccupied with the Suez Crisis, these colonies saw it as an opportunity to demand independence. Furthermore, Britain's imperial status was significantly weakened because the Suez Crisis proved that Britain needed the support and approval of the United States in its foreign relations. It is still debated whether Britain is still a world power or whether it has lost its authority since the events of the 20th century, but it is a fact that Britain has lost an enormous amount of power since its peak in the 19th century. The Suez Crisis was one of countless events that contributed to Britain's loss of power..