Most often, the information is used for races, for example to achieve annual and interim targets as part of the school change process. The information can also be used to externally define goals and vision, persuade students and staff, and celebrate achievements and changes. Schools use data to make educational decisions, such as distinguishing goals, grouping and individualizing directions, adjusting guidelines to benchmarks, refining course offerings, recognizing low-performing students, and checking understudy progress. School structure, policy, and resource use can be informed by data. Schools also used the data to make decisions with staff, for example to assess team performance and decide and refine professional development topics. (Wayman J.C...,