The most common form of trading involves successively taking and abandoning positions. Positional negotiation is an ineffective way to reach an agreement and agreements usually neglect the interests of the parties involved. This encourages stubbornness and thus tends to harm the relationship between the two parties. A good agreement is an effective, judicious, fair and lasting agreement. Wise agreements improve the relationship by satisfying the interests of both parties. Principled negotiations are a better way to reach an effective and sensible agreement. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an original essay The principled negotiation process can be used effectively in almost any type of dispute and the four principles are: Separate the people from the problem; Differences in perception, emotions and communication are the main sources of people's problems. People don't communicate clearly and mix their emotions with their side's issues and positions. So, separating people from the problem will be helpful in resolving issues without harming the relationship. Each party must allow the other to express their emotions. Each party should endeavor to make proposals likely to please the other. Each party should be an active listener and avoid blaming or attacking the other. Focus on interests rather than positions When problems are defined in terms of underlying interests, it is always possible to find a solution that satisfies both parties. Identifying the underlying interests that led the parties to adopt their positions is the first step. Once both parties have identified their interests, they should discuss them together and both parties should pay attention to and take into account the interests of the other party and remain open to different proposals or positions. Generate a Variety of Options Making a decision in the presence of your opponent narrows your vision and it is relatively more difficult to decide on an optimal solution under pressure. To overcome these obstacles, it is important to separate the invention process from the evaluation phase. Brainstorming all possible solutions, focused on the common interests of both parties, in an informal atmosphere will help overcome obstacles and generate options for creatively resolving disputes. Each party should try to make proposals that please the other party.4. Insist that the agreement be based on objective criteria. Some negotiators can get what they want simply by persistence. Objective criteria can be used to resolve disputes when the interests of the two parties are directly opposed. Objective criteria must be independent of the simple desires of each party and be both legitimate and practical. Impartial standards such as market value, expert opinion, scientific findings, professional standards, case law, etc. are at the origin of objective criteria. Each party must keep an open mind and the issue must be approached as a common search for objective criteria. Negotiators attempt to protect themselves from a bad outcome or deal by establishing the worst acceptable outcome, or “bottom line,” to help them. resist pressure. The end result is always decided before discussions, so the figure is almost certainly arbitrary or unrealistic and too rigid. This inhibits imagination/inventiveness and undermines the incentive to create or generate options. So, the part.