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Essay / Writers and intellectuals in exile - 2495
Writers and intellectuals in exile “It may be that writers in my situation, the exiles… are haunted by a certain feeling of loss, a need to reappropriate, to look back , even at the risk of being turned into statues of salt”1, declared Salman Rushdie. Loss and love of home is not what constitutes an existence in exile; what constitutes it in reality and in the true sense is the chasm between realization and leaving it behind and straddling two different cultures from two different positions. In my article, I propose to examine the two sides of an exilic existence: the negative, the one which includes horrors and traumas in reference to Adorno and Said; and the positive, that which provides intellectuals and writers with critical and reflective insight, and here I would refer to JanMohamed and Salman Rushdie with particular reference to Said's "contrapuntal" effect. I will then move on to the “enabling” aspect of exile which involves the agential process of hybridity where I will bring the point of view of Homi K. Bhabha and his concept of “third space”. “Exile finds its origins in the centuries-old practice of banishment. . Once banished, the exile leads an abnormal and miserable life, with the stigma of an outsider,”2 said Edward Said. Adorno in the terse 13th “Protection, Aid and Advice” by Minima Moralia states that “every intellectual in emigration is, without exception, damaged and does well to admit it to himself… He lives in an environment which must remain incomprehensible to him… Relationship between pariahs is even more poisoned than between long-time residents. »3 Adorno's reflection embodies the common understanding of the experience of exile as one of trauma, estrangement and paranoia. Numerous autobiographical accounts confirm this devastating assessment in the middle of an article...... “Introduction” The Oxford Book of Exile, Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1995. Print.6. Said, Edward. Reflections on Exile, Interview with Nikhil Padgaonkar. Doordarshan7. JanMohamed, Abdul R. “Worldliness without a world, homeless people without a home: towards a definition of the intellectual specular frontier”. Intellectuals and critics: positions and controversies Volume 1 by Edward Said / ed. by Patrick Williams. Sage Publications.2001. P.219. Print.8. Rushdie, Salman. Imaginary homelands “Gunter Grass”. P.279.9. Bhabha, Homi K. “How the New Enters the World,” The Location of Culture, London: Routledge, 1994. P.224. Print10. Bhabha, Homi K. Interview with J. Rutherford. Identity, Community, Culture, Difference. 1990. J. Rutherford. London, Lawrence and Wishart: 207-22111. Bhabha, Homi K. “Introduction”, Nation and Narration, London: Routledge, 1990. P.6. Print.