The conflict between the states of Armenia and Azerbaijan over the Nagorno-Karabakh (NK) region has not stopped since the ceasefire between them in May 1994. The history of the conflict can be dated back even further to the end of the First World War, or even further back culturally with the history between cultures in the context of empire Russian tsarist (Crisis Group, 2007). For Armenia, the question is that of self-determination for the ethnic Armenian majority living in the region. For Azerbaijan, this is a question of territorial integrity (Crisis Group, 2007) because although the region is de facto independent, it is internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan. Russia and the OSCE (Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe) were the main third parties involved in attempts to negotiate a peace settlement between the two, but without success (Herzig, 1999). Any effective solution to manage this conflict should take into consideration many elements, including the historical nature of the conflict, the increasingly complex relationships not only between the parties involved in the conflict, but also between third states and NGOs, and the hostile atmosphere between the two countries. Armenia and Azerbaijan, which have only increased in recent years due to vitriolic rhetoric, border clashes and arms race. According to Croissant (1998), the origins of the animosity between Armenia and Azerbaijan developed under Tsarist Russian control, but also have much to do with relations between Armenia and Azerbaijan. with the Ottoman Empire. Pan-Turkism, a nationalist movement of the late 19th century, became a popular ideology among Azeris and increased hostility against Armenians. He did this in two ways, the first was the racist nature of...... middle of paper ......risis Group: http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/ europe /187_nagorno_karabakh___risCrisis Group. (February 8, 2011). Armenia Azerbaijan: preventing war. Retrieved from Crisis Group: http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/europe/caucasus/B60 Armenia and Azerbaijan --- Preventing War.pdfCroissant, M. (1998). The Aremnia-Azerbaijan conflict: causes and implications. Westport: Praeger. Danielyan, E. (January 19, 2011). Armenia displays sophisticated air defense systems. Eurasia Daily Monitor. Herzig, E. (1999). The New Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. London: Chatham House Papers. Kambeck, M. &. (2013). Europe's next avoidable war: Nagorno-Karabakh. Palgrave Macmillan. American Institute of Peace. (1992). Armenia, Azerbaijan and Nagorno-Karabakh: state sovereignty versus self-determination. Peace and conflict in emerging states: Transcaucasia.