Procrastination can be described as an action of postponing an activity. It is a “delay of a planned action plan” by an individual even if he knows the negative impact on the execution of the task (Ferrari, 1996__). Although almost everyone has struggled with procrastination at least once, it's bad to know that some of them have made it a way of life. Most people describe procrastination as bad or harmful (Briody, 1980) and more than 95% of people want to reduce it (O'Brien, 2002). Procrastination is a troubling phenomenon. Estimates reveal that some degree of procrastination may be unavoidable, but more than 25% of adults consider procrastination a "significant problem" in their lives (McCown & Johnson, 1989). As many common terms are presented in scientific studies, the definition of procrastination tends to be common in the research of Ferrari, Johnson, and McCown (1995). Ferrari (1994) considers procrastination as a habitual habit of delaying a task, which ultimately has a negative effect on its success. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an original essayThe amount of experimental work that has been done on procrastination is considerable (e.g.: Ferrari, Johnson, & McCown, 1995; Steel, Brothen, & Wambach, 2001). Furthermore, historical reference indicated that perceptions regarding procrastination have been reasonably consistent over the ages: it has been and will be a widespread problem (Steel, 2007). Whether or not procrastination reflects an emotion is an empirical question. However, emotions or feelings indicate the proximal effect of procrastination. Typically, researchers have discussed feeling worry, anxiety, or stress. (e.g., RT Brown, 1991; Burka and Yuen, 1983; Ellis and Knaus, 1977). To understand what procrastination means, it is first important to know the answer to the inevitable question of why do people procrastinate when they find themselves in a specific situation? Clearly, people procrastinate simply to avoid or delay tasks they view as unappreciated. In his essay, Steel (2007) supports some empirical concepts of procrastination as a means of self-protection, which can also be described as a lack of awareness or a fear of failure. Explained in more detail, fear of failure can be closely linked to both low self-efficacy and low self-esteem. Procrastination can be task-oriented or emotion-oriented, both of which create obstacles that delay work. Task-oriented procrastination is when people find a particular task unpleasant and are actually more likely to put it off. Whereas emotion-driven procrastination occurs when people procrastinate and feel that their actions may not change the situation and instead focus on managing the emotional reaction to the situation (Ellis and Knaus, 1977). Therefore, people who procrastinate tend to be more emotion-oriented than task-oriented (Berzonsky, 1992; Flett, Blankstein, & Martin, 1995). In short, procrastination tends to be worse in terms of both how a person feels and what they would get after procrastinating. In addition to feeling anxious or stressed after procrastination, it can affect an individual's different emotions, including depression or a decreased feeling of procrastination. control. Since depression can lead to procrastination, it causeslack of concentration, loss of energy and depressed people often find tasks unpleasant. (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Additionally, extroversion can be a curious cause of procrastination (Steel, 2007). It has been studied that impulsive people are more likely to procrastinate because they are likely to struggle with desire (Blatt & Quinn, 1967). Procrastination is theoretically an agent of a lack of awareness and a failure of self-regulation. On this basis, there is a link between procrastination and social anxiety, worry about the evaluation of others and the desire for approval (Ferrari, 1991b). In recent years, researchers have studied procrastination in the workplace and concluded that it is due to increased responsibility and workload as well as high pressure to achieve set goals (Lock and Latham, 1990). While organizations report different activities that include planning, structuring, and organizing, procrastination in the workplace is encouraged in several different ways (Bargh and Barndollar, 1996). Conceptually, procrastination is linked to self-consciousness (Barrick and Mount, 2003; Hurtz and Donovan). , 2000), which can be further extended to the extent that people who are more self-interested are more likely to experience self-regulatory failure, reducing overall utility. Procrastination appears to be simply due to the desire to delay or avoid unpleasant daily tasks, but most researchers are concerned with the concept of procrastination because it has a negative effect on the person's behavior or emotions. Procrastination can be said to ultimately decrease a person's ability to complete a task on time and also negatively affects emotions (e.g. Ferrari, 2001; Senécal et al., 1995; Steel, 2007; Wolters, 2003 ). Together, these findings show that procrastination often represents a defense mechanism driven by efforts to avoid and protect oneself (Ferrari, Johnson, & McCown, 1995). Therefore, from the above evidence and research, it appears that researchers believe that procrastination has a negative impact on a person's emotions and it seems that they are mainly related to self-critical emotions. Considerable attention has been paid to procrastination with previous research finding that procrastination is linked to self-criticism or self-deprecation, meaning lower levels of self-efficacy, self-esteem, and lower levels higher levels of anger or disgust (e.g., Ferrari et al., 2005, Howell et al., 2006, Schraw et al., 2007, Tice and Baumeister, 1997, Wolters, 2003). However, little research examines the potential link or appropriate association between procrastination and self-critical emotions such as shame and guilt. As noted above, researchers have found that procrastination can be linked to different emotions and is a failure of self-regulation (e.g., Steel, 2007). Attempts to clarify the relationship between procrastination and various emotions such as fear of failure, perfectionism, self-consciousness, and evaluation anxiety have been numerous. Procrastination has long been seen as a means of temporarily escaping anxiety which, unfortunately, becomes worse when faced with it later (Mayers, 1946; Solomon and Rothblum, 1984). Therefore, the effect of procrastination on specific emotions like shame and guilt is not explored. Ferrari et al. (1995) emphasize that procrastination also involves an important emotional component. Historically, procrastination has had a..