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  • Essay / Physiology Course Notes - 963

    1. Connective tissue2. Muscle tissue3. Epithelial tissue4. Nervous tissueConnective tissue: Connective tissue in animals is separated by non-living material. Connective tissue binds and supports body parts, protects, fills spaces, stores fat, and transports materials. The structure of loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue has three types of fibers. The first concerns collagen fibers which provide strength and flexibility and constitute the existing protein in the body of animals. The second is elastic fibers that provide elasticity and, when stretched, return to their original shape. The third involves reticular fibers which are small and branched and support organs like the liver and lymph nodes. The cells of loose and dense connective tissue are fibroblasts and produce the fibers and non-living material. The collagen fibers in dense connective tissue are tighter than those in loose connective tissue. Normal dense connective tissue contains collagen fibers in one direction to provide strength. It is found in tendons and ligaments in which tendons connect muscle to bone and ligaments connect bone to bone. Cartilage cells are strong but flexible and also contain collagen and elastic fibers. It does not stretch and can resist compression but retains its shape. It is found at the ends of bones where it prevents friction within the joints. Blood is also a connective tissue and also contains cells separated by non-living material such as plasma. Muscle tissue: Muscle tissue in an animal is soft tissue that makes up muscles and is formed during embryo development in a process called myogenesis. Muscle tissue contracts in response to stimulation but it...... middle of paper ...... port is passive and not supplied by the energy expended by the tracheary elements, which are dead at maturity and n 'have more live content.2. Phloem3. The phloem tissue of the plant manages food and metabolites during photosynthesis throughout the plant, including the roots. In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue which transports organic nutrients, sucrose which is a sugar, to all the components of the plant where they are needed. The main function of phloem is the transport of soluble organic matter produced during photosynthesis, called translocation. The phloem tissue of plants is made up of: conductive cells, called sieve elements which are parenchyma cells and include both specialized companion cells, non-specialized cells and supporting cells, for example fibers and sclereids .iv.The differences between plant and animal cells;