Bacteria are microbes that truly date back to the beginning of time. They are among the very first forms of life on earth. These little life forces are classified as prokaryotic microorganisms, named for their lack of a membrane-bound nucleus. Bacteria vary in shape, such as rods, spheres, and spirals, and can be found in virtually every habitat on the planet.B. megaterium is a Gram-positive bacteria. This bacterial species produces spores and is found in soil, having a rod-shaped morphology and is a larger eubacterium. These bacteria form chain-shaped colonies from the sticky polysaccharides on their cell walls. The biotechnology industry heavily uses this bacteria for the size and enzymatic and cloning capabilities of B. megaterium. Enzymes produced by bacteria contribute to the production of synthetic antibiotics such as penicillin, steroids and various amino acid dehydrogenases (Janssens et al, 2013). B. megaterium is dynamic for cloning because there is minute degradation of the protease product (Janssens et al, 2013). In addition, the recombinant plasmids of the bacteria are very stable (Janssens et al, 2013). The ubiquity and distinctiveness of these bacteria in nature have an unusual resistance of their endospores to chemical and physical effects. The developmental cycle of B. megaterium endospore formation and antibiotic production has sparked continued interest in these bacteria since the discoveries of Cohn and Koch in the 1870s (Saengkerdsub and Ricke, 2014). The 16s rRNA gene is a section of prokaryotic DNA found in all bacteria and archaea that encodes rRNA as part of the ribosome. Ribosomes translate DNA strands in all life forms. When a DNA gene is copied into messenger RNA and is removed from ...... middle of paper ......el Chemistry Prize in 1993 for his exceptional work (Bettens and Tiercy, 2009 ). The entire PCR cycling process is automated and can be completed in just a few hours. It is driven by a machine called a thermal cycler, which is programmed to change the temperature of the reaction every few minutes to allow denaturation and synthesis of DNA (Bettens and Tiercy, 2009). These experiments focused on obtaining bacteria from the human body, in this case Bacillus megaterium from the oral cavity from the gum, extracting, amplifying and cloning the DNA using different methods. The goal of the experiment was to take a closer look at the human microbiome by obtaining DNA from bacteria from the human body and then visualize the bacteria physically through electrophoresis as well as through comparison via phylogenetic trees to analyze the result. a similar phylogeny..