Table of ContentsGeneral InformationArgumentRacial TheoriesWorks CitedThe article seeks to analyze the British rule in India, the discrimination, violence and the various reforms implemented by them. Whether India actually benefited from colonized rule or whether the British used the country for their own selfish needs is debatable. The newspaper attempts to study all the facts, take into account all points of view and come to a conclusion. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay Thesis Statement: Despite all the arguments for the same, India did not benefit from colonization due to the rampant exploitation by the British on the Indians, going up to the extreme to satisfy their selfish needs, forcing inhumane exploitation and the huge amount of violence carried out against the people of India, practicing racial discrimination and various other aspects. In view of the above statement, here are some of the points which prove the fact that India was nothing but exploited throughout the 200 years of its colonized rule: § Divide and rule policy: l he ancient rule of divide and rule was the first that the government imposed to rule and govern all the major British states. and the Indian princely states. The rule first came into existence under Viceroy Lord Curzon, who divided the province of Bengal into three parts, namely East Bengal and Assam as Muslim majority states and also the province predominantly Hindu West Bengal, which was a major blow to the country as it led and sparked significant outrage among the countrymen. Not only is it the biggest policy of divide and rule which emerged at the time of independence when the country was divided into two parts, one being India and the other Pakistan, whose burden is still visible during the conflict between the Indo-Pakistani War.§ Tax structure: The government imposed an illiberal tax structure and used to collect high taxes along with a better return on profits. However, the burden of these levies falls on small farmers, farmers and small traders. § Loss of Lives: The British government regime suffered a lot of loss of life like during the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre, Rebellion of 1857, etc. The World War government used to recruit many Indian citizens to join the troops even if they are not interested, which leads to casualties and loss of lives. The government did not care about the people; they only care about their reputation and their prestige and their mark in world history. § Exploitation of Resources: The government duly exploited the resources of the country and traded them to another country in order to earn revenue and capture the commercial market. In this article, we would begin to examine the emergence of the East India Company in India, British rule and the rise of power in India. We would then begin to examine various issues and why the various aspects put forward in favor of the British are false and superficial, and behind which lies nothing but selfish reasons in promulgating their cause. General information In 1757, the East India Company began its activity. operations in the Indian subcontinent. India was then a land made up of several princely states, ruled by the Mughals at the Centre. It was also a huge exporter of silk, indigo, spices, etc. During his activityin the first century, the company's focus was on trade, not empire building in India. The company's interests shifted from trade to territory in the 18th century, as the Mughal Empire declined in power and the East India Company struggled with its French counterpart, the French East India Company, during the Carnatic Wars of the 1740s and 1750s. The battles of Plassey and Buxar, in which the British defeated the Indian powers, left the company in control of Bengal, an important part of India's military and political power. In the following decades, he gradually increased the extent of territories under control, ruling the entire Indian subcontinent either directly or indirectly through local puppet rulers. British rule is welcomed by a large number of compatriots, citing various reasons. Here are some of them: § Social Reforms: The British Raj in India carried out various social activities for the country, for example, the abolition of Sati Pratha and the introduction of the Widows' Remarriage Act of 1856, the Act on restriction of child marriage, child labor law and many other laws. to improve social tradition and customs for the benefit of humanity. § Educational Reforms: During the British Raj, only the existing education in India changed with the introduction of English as a compulsory subject and official language. During the British Raj, only the universities of Bombay, Calcutta and Madras were established in the year 1857, just before the rebellion. The university is still present and managed by modern independent India as one of the most prestigious universities. § Employment Scheme: The British government also introduces Indian Civil Services for various prestigious government positions. The Imperial Civil Service is currently known as the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), headed by the UPSC. § Irrigation Project: The government has also structured various canals and dams to improve the irrigation conditions in India. § Infrastructure Development: During the regime It was under the leadership of the British government that the communication and transport facilities in India were developed. The government established India's first railway service in 1853-54 in the Bombay and Calcutta region by the two railway companies, namely the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (GIPR) and the East Indian Railway (EIR). After 5 years in 1859, the first passenger railway line was opened in North India between Allahabad and Kanpur. § Monuments, legal tender, heritage site: the government had also introduced legal tender as an official medium of exchange during the trading era. . They had also built many heritage sites and monuments, among them the Victoria Memorial Hall in Calcutta, the Victoria Terminus (now called Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus), the India Gate, the Viceroy's House (now called Rashtrapati Bhavan) , the Asiatic Society of India to preserve Indian monuments, literary writing and much more.ArgumentBritain's exploitative and racist imperial project in India was impressive in its savagery and vindictiveness, this which Tharoor calls a “long and unabashed record of ability”. The recent books are a welcome antidote to the nauseating righteousness and condescension pedaled by Niall Ferguson in his 2003 book Empire, which argues that British imperialism gave the world its admirable and distinctive features (the language, the banks, the representative assemblies, the idea of ​​freedom) and that India, “thelargest democracy in the world, owes more to British rule than is fashionable to admit. Tharoor energetically, bluntly and hastily sets out the litany of exploitation and theft, and support is given to the East India Company. This was before the Government of India Act of 1858 led to the British crown assuming direct control. The company had a private army of 260,000 men in the early 19th century, and the champions of the British Industrial Revolution plundered India's thriving manufacturing industries. Under British rule, India's share of global manufacturing exports fell from 27 percent to 2 percent while East India employees made colossal fortunes. The Marquess of Salisbury, Secretary of State for India in the 1870s, remarked that "India must be bled" and by the end of the 19th century it was Britain's greatest source of income. -Brittany. “Stopping is dangerous; roll back ruin” was the logic, as first stated by Robert Clive, commander-in-chief of British India in the mid-18th century. The Indian shipping industry was destroyed and the Indian currency manipulated while tariffs and regulations were skewed in favor of the British.Industry. The British Tharoor boast also demolishes the British boast that he left India in 1947 a functioning democracy. And while he may exaggerate how ideal pre-colonial village autonomy was ("a society of small societies" in Jon Wilson's gentle phrase), he exposes the hollowness of Queen Victoria's 1858 proclamation according to which “in their prosperity will be our strength, in their contentment our security and in their gratitude our best reward”. This fostered a court culture that Indian princes followed, and there were many dissolute rajas, but only 4 percent of the coveted positions in the Indian civil service. were occupied by Indians until 1930. The nationalist leader Jawaharlal Nehru ended his dismissal from a civil service which was "neither Indian, nor civil, nor a service". In 1890, about 6,000 British civil servants ruled 250 million Indians, but it was also "cowardice, greed, opportunism and lack of organized resistance on the part of the vanquished." Ultimately, it was the rise of Mahatma Gandhi and his promotion of moral values ​​derived from Satyagraha (non-violent resistance) that "proved a rejection of British liberalism and not its justification." Racial Theories India's indigenous newspapers were also devoured. By 1875 there were about 475 newspapers, most of them owned and edited by Indians, but severe restrictions were placed on their operations and editors. British racial theories were in full swing in railway matters, with legislation prohibiting Indian workshops from designing and manufacturing locomotives. Racism was also reflected in the penal code: “there has never been a taboo against homosexuality in Indian culture and practice. until the British Victorians introduced one. Crucially, Britain also "helped solidify and perpetuate the inequities of the caste system", which proved more uniform and widespread than it had been. Religion became a useful means of divide and rule, with the promotion of a two-nation theory ultimately dividing the country and making partition inevitable; a million were killed and 17 million displaced. Tharoor's assertion that "stories abound" about Hindu and Muslim communities "usually working together to.