RNA interference (RNAi) is one of the most exciting and revolutionary new therapeutic approaches that has attracted considerable attention over the past decades. It has been found that gene expression can be controlled at the messenger RNA level via non-coding RNAs. RNAi is an important pathway that leads to explicit gene silencing and downregulation. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”?Get the original essay Gene therapy is a medical intervention that uses genes for the treatment or prevention of disease. If the gene of interest is delivered correctly to the desired site, this strategy would then allow direct insertion of a gene into a specific cell. Therefore, different types of biocompatible nanoparticles have been used to deliver genes for gene therapy to overcome the drawbacks encountered with traditional methods used for delivery of genetic material. Gene therapy Nanoparticles as therapeutic agents can be administered at targeted sites, including hard-to-reach locations. with standard medications. For example, if a therapeutic product can be chemically attached to a nanoparticle, it can then be guided to the site of disease or infection by radio or magnetic signals. These nanomedicines can also be designed to be "released" only at times when specific molecules are present or when external triggers (such as infrared heat) are provided. At the same time, harmful side effects of potent drugs can be avoided by reducing the effective dose needed for the patient's treatment. By encapsulating drugs in nanometer-sized materials (such as organic dendrimers, hollow polymer capsules, and nanoshells), release can be controlled much more precisely than ever before. The drugs are designed to carry a therapeutic payload (radiotherapy, chemotherapy or gene therapy) as well as for imaging applications. Many agents, which cannot be administered orally due to their low bioavailability, can now be used in therapy thanks to nanotechnology. Nano-formulations provide protection to agents vulnerable to degradation or denaturation when exposed to extreme pH, and also extend the half-life of a drug by increasing formulation retention through bioadhesion. Another broad application of nanotechnology is the delivery of antigens for vaccination. Recent advances in encapsulation and the development of appropriate animal models have demonstrated that microparticles and nanoparticles are capable of improving immunization. Drug deliveryIn therapy: Nanotechnology can provide new drug formulations with fewer side effects and drug delivery routes. Diseases should be diagnosed and cured even before symptoms appear, this is optimal. Nucleic acid diagnostics play a crucial role in this process, as they enable the detection of pathogens and diseased cells at such an early, asymptomatic stage of disease progression that effective treatment is more feasible. In Diagnosis: The main diagnostic methods for most diseases depend on the manifestation of visible symptoms so that doctors know that a disease exists. But by the time these symptoms appear, treatment may be less likely to be effective.