Whether in Africa, where the shortage of fresh water has existed for ages, or in India, where agriculture has had to adapt due to the lack of fresh water, or in California where wells have already started to dry up in some counties, the shortage of fresh water is expanding rapidly. Many are debating what steps to take, some are calling for policy changes as well as production changes. One suggestion was that “water professionals need to communicate better about these concerns, and policymakers need to be more water aware.” (Molden, De Fraiture, Rijbermen, 39) Another suggested changes in agriculture, saying that although irrigated agriculture is usually the preferred choice when it comes to growing crops, this method of farming is exactly why so much water is needed, as irrigated agriculture tends to use a lot of water and energy, which is borne out by the fact that "intensive irrigation has led to closed basins where all water is allocated for specific uses, including water for the environment. In fact, irrigation was the main reason for the closure of river basins and the creation of a physical water shortage” (Molden, De Fraiture, Rijbermen, 45). It should also be taken into account that water is often used primarily to create energy, which leads to a very intense aggravation of the situation. Some have even suggested dryland farming as a solution, as dryland farming tends to conserve water.