A local area network (LAN) is a network that connects computers and other devices in a relatively small area, usually a single building or group of buildings. Most local area networks connect workstations and personal computers and allow users to access data and devices (for example, printers and modems) anywhere on the network. The hardware components of a LAN include: PC/workstations and servers Network interface card (NIC) Cabling and connectors, for example, coaxial cable and BNC connector, unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and RJ connector hub - 45, concentrator and more complicated. network devices such as Bridge, LAN Switch and Router. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay. Other network components are used to connect a PC or even a laptop to an Ethernet network. AUI-BNC transceivers can be used to connect a PC or laptop to a different network interface. Some network cards may support a combination of interfaces, such as AUI and BNC as well as RJ45. Sometimes a combination transceiver can be used to connect to a network card on a PC or laptop on one end and to another network system on the other via the supported interface. Most network interface cards today have PnP (Plug and Play) capability. The following procedures assume that your network card is PnP compatible and that your PC's operating system is Windows® 95. Once the network card is installed and your computer is turned on, Windows® 95 will automatically detect the new modem and assist you in installing it. configuration. . If not, refer to the documentation provided with your network card for proper configuration procedures, such as setting IRQ settings. Networking is the practice of connecting a computer network to other networks through the use of gateways that provide a common method of routing. packets of information between networks. The resulting system of interconnected networks is called an internetwork, or simply the Internet. Internetworking is a combination of the words inter (“between”) and networking (connection). LAN interconnection: LAN interconnection is the process of connecting a LAN to one or more LANs or WANs through specific devices, for example: bridges, switches, hubs. Routers. All devices used in the local network are used in internetworking. The wireless nature of these networks allows users to access network resources from almost any convenient location within their primary network environment (a home or office). With the increasing saturation of laptop-style computers, this is particularly relevant. With the emergence of public wireless networks, users can access the Internet even outside their usual work environment. Most coffee chains, for example, offer their customers low-cost or free wireless Internet access. Users connected to a wireless network can maintain an almost constant affiliation with the network of their choice as they move from place to place. For a business, this implies that an employee can potentially be more productive since their work can be accomplished from any convenient location. The initial setup of an infrastructure-based wireless network requires little more than a single access point. Cable networks, on the other hand, have the added cost andcomplexity due to physical cables being routed to many locations (which may even be impossible for hard-to-reach locations within a building). Wireless networks can serve a suddenly increased number of people. customers with existing equipment. In a wired network, additional clients would require additional cabling. Wireless networking hardware represents at worst a slight increase over its wired counterparts. This potential cost increase is almost always far outweighed by the cost and labor savings associated with installing physical cables.* EthernetIt is inexpensive to form a network of computers based on Ethernet. Ethernet network nodes have the same privileges and do not follow client-server architecture. It is easy to maintain and troubleshoot the Ethernet network. The cables used in the Ethernet connection are insensitive to noise and hence the quality of the connection is maintained without any degradation. With the latest versions such as Gigabit Ethernet and Wireless Ethernet (IEEE 802.11ac/11ad), Gbps transfer speeds have become possible. Minimum server hardware requirements: The values ​​below refer to the minimum available hardware required to run Confluence only; for example, the minimum heap size to allocate for Confluence is 1 GB and 1 GB for Synchrony (which is required for collaborative editing). You will need additional physical hardware, or at least the minimum amount required by your operating system and any other applications running on the server. On small instances, server load is primarily determined by peak visitors, so minimum system requirements are difficult to assess. We provide these numbers as a guide to the absolute minimum required to run Confluence, and your setup will likely require better hardware. Here is our minimum hardware recommendation: CPU: Quad core 2 GHz+ CPURAM: 6 GBMinimum database space: 10 GBNote: Please note that while some of our customers run Confluence on SPARC-based hardware, we only officially support Confluence running on x86 and 64-bit hardware. derived from x86 hardware. Confluence will generally not work well in a shared, tightly constrained environment – ​​examples include an AWS micro.t1 instance. Please ensure that your choice of hosting platform is capable of providing sustained processing and memory capacity to the server, especially during the startup process, which requires a lot of processing. Example Hardware Specifications: These are example hardware specifications for non-clustered Confluence instances. It is not recorded whether the amount of RAM refers to the total server memory or the memory allocated to the JVM, while empty parameters indicate that the information was not provided. When planning the server hardware requirements for your Confluence deployment, you will need to estimate the amount of RAM. Server scalability based on peak visitors, publisher/viewer ratio and total content. The publisher-to-viewer ratio is the number of visitors who make updates versus those who only view content. Total content is best estimated by the total number of spaces. Confluence best accommodates a constant flow of visitors rather than defined peak times, with few editors and few spaces. Users should also consider: The total number of pages is not a major factor in performance. For example, instances hosting 80,000 pagesmay consume less than 512 MB of memory. Always use an external database and consult performance tuning guides. Data protection has always been a key feature in every product our team has produced (in fact, we have a dedicated data protection team). Key data protection features we've improved or added in Essentials 2012 include: Storage Spaces is new for Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 and offers a number of compelling scenarios for server-first environments, including easy expansion of capacity and resilience to physical disk failures using commodity products. disk hardware. The ability to simply add a disk drive and increase capacity has long been a request from customers and partners. In Essentials 2012, we integrated Storage Spaces through wizards and alerts to make it simple and easy to use. File History is a new feature in Windows 8 that lets you store changes to files on your client computer and then easily find and restore them. previous versions without requiring administrator assistance. In Essentials 2012, we've made it easier for the Admin or Partner to configure Windows 8 clients from the dashboard to enable File History and point the File History folder to the Essentials 2012 server. This is a great experience for Windows 8 customers because it provides the added security of having their file history stored on the server. Microsoft Online Backup Service. Essentials 2012 integrates with the Microsoft Online Backup service, making it easy for customers to save their server and perform online backups. This provides an additional layer of protection over Windows Server's local backup mechanisms. Support for backup of 50 client machines. SBS 2011 Essentials supported backup for up to 25 machines. Essentials 2012 doubles this support to 50 machines. We've also made significant improvements to client backup performance. > Support for 2TB disks. SBS 2011 Essentials did not support disk drives larger than 2TB for backup and restore. This was a common request from customers (especially Home Server customers) and we added it in Essentials 2012. Anywhere Access is a term we use to cover the different ways customers can access to their server, whether they use a remote PC, a laptop. , tablet or smartphone. Major updates and new features in this area include Remote Web Access (RWA). RWA is an existing feature that many of our customers love. In Essentials 2012 we've made a number of improvements, one of the most important being to ensure that it works well on touch devices such as Windows 8 based touch devices, iPad and Android tablets . RWA now supports HTTP progressive download media streaming from the server in addition to Silverlight media streaming. We've also improved access to files and folders on the server, allowing an administrator to control which shared folders appear in RWA – an often-requested feature in the SBS 2011 Essentials.Windows 8 Metro application. We are building a Windows 8 Metro application to access Essentials 2012 servers. The existing LaunchPad client application will continue to beavailable for Windows 8, but we also wanted to create a Windows 8 application that allows users to quickly and easily access and control their server. We are very excited about this application because it allows for some very interesting scenarios, especially for people who travel and need seamless access to files, folders or media from their server. This is our first client application to support an offline mode for remote people – another request from partners and customers. Additionally, we've implemented many standard Windows 8 interfaces into our app, enabling a range of new scenarios natively from Windows 8, for example, simple downloading and searching of files on Essentials 2012. Windows Phone App 7 update. We've updated the existing Windows Phone 7 app to work with Essentials 2012 servers, including the ability to access files and folders on the server (this feature was not available in the previous version) . A new Quick Status pane provides information about the status of your server. Monitoring remote connections. Essentials 2012 allows administrators to see who is (and has been) remotely connected to the server. Join a remote domain. Essentials 2012 allows client machines to join their server without having to be on the corporate network. This will make working with remote users and their machines much easier. VPN setup made easy. Essentials 2012 allows customers to quickly and easily configure VPN access to their servers. Client machines are configured with the correct connections, allowing users to easily access server resources when working remotely on their client machines. Improved SDK extensibility with web services. This is more of a developer-facing feature, but we're very excited about the possibilities it opens up. Essentials 2012 has a set of web services that allow developers to write a new set of applications that interact with the server. As an implementation note, we use these services in Windows 8 Metro and Windows Phone apps. In this section, I've listed some of the core infrastructure improvements we've made in Essentials 2012. Major updates and new features in this area include: Simplified scaling beyond 25 users/50 devices . One of the main comments regarding SBS 2011 Essentials was that once a customer exceeded the 25 user limit, they would need to migrate to Windows Server Standard. After the migration, key SBS-specific features they depended on (e.g. client backup, remote web access) were no longer available. We wanted to resolve this issue in Essentials 2012 and now allow customers to perform an in-place license transition to Windows Server 2012 Standard. After the transition, customers are running Windows Server 2012 Standard without any of the licensing limitations of Essentials 2012, but the majority of Essentials 2012 features continue to work and are fully supported for up to 75 users and 75 devices. (Note that while there are no restrictions on the number of users/devices that can be added to a Windows Server 2012 Standard environment, there are maximum support limits for Essentials 2012 features.) Multimedia support . We have enabled the core media experiences of Windows Home Server 2011 and Windows Storage Server 2008 R2 Essentials).