Drug addiction and abuse clearly have a negative impact on today's society. It's no secret that drugs kill brain cells and it's difficult to get rid of addiction. Study after study shows drugs are addictive. Several studies have been done on drug abuse as well as addiction in the United States of America and how it affects people under the influence. A study performed in which rats had access to the drug for extended periods of time is of great interest given its ability to model many symptoms of substance use disorders in humans. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were given access to 0.15% saccharin solution for 5 min, followed by the opportunity to self-administer saline or heroin for 3 h (short access) or 6 hours (extended access). After 16 to 18 pairings, terminal saccharin consumption was used to classify rats into small or large suppressors and respond while the drug was examined accordingly. Rats that most avoided the taste cue associated with heroin would exhibit the greatest drug escalation over time, the greatest willingness to work for the drug, and the greatest heroin-induced relapse. Rats were used as active participants and the amount of heroin was measured based on taste when introduced to the rats. The procedure involved adding saline and heroin to the water. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay This study resulted in only 5% of short access rats reaching criteria for large suppressors. This large suppressor did not differ from small suppressors in drug-taking behavior. There was a 50% rate of extended access saccharin-heroin rats that were largely dependent on suppressants and they showed the greatest increase in drug use. They also showed drug loading behavior, as well as behaviors most symptomatic of relapse. The study concluded that rats would avoid consuming a taste cue when paired with experimenter-administered drugs of abuse, including morphine, cocaine, ethanol, amphetamine, and heroin. The second drug addiction study highlighted the effect of stress-induced changes in motivation. take the medicine. This study took Iranian drug addicts as well as people who had never used drugs in their lives to take the Stroop Dependence Test. The goal was to see if culture matters in drug addiction. Participants included drug addicts, with a clinical history of opium and heroin abuse, who were undergoing a methadone maintenance therapy program. Only non-abusers with a history of never abusing drugs or alcohol participated in the study as controls. The study showed that drug abusers had a higher attentional bias for drug-related stimuli than non-abusers, once the effects of age and education were controlled. The results imply that drug-related attentional bias is independent of culture, with the limitation of the study being that the majority of testers were male. The third study focused on drug treatment, including the type of treatment and duration of different approaches. More than 10,000 clients were allocated to different treatment centers to determine the severity of the drugs being used and how they are being used. This.