Infectious diseases are considered an ever-evolving problem worldwide. A number of health officials and idealists believed that the threat of infectious diseases would now have been eradicated.1 Infectious diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide and the third leading cause of death in the United States.2 In In the case of infectious disease, the most common cause of illness is viral respiratory tract infection, also called VRTI.3 Recently, a new strain of virus linked to severe acute respiratory syndrome, commonly known as SARS, has been identified4,5. Eastern respiratory syndrome is a viral infection that affects the respiratory tract in humans and has recently been discovered in a small number of animals.6 Although the disease is relatively new, considerable research has led to discoveries significant on the epidemiology of Middle East respiratory syndrome. infections, including clinical manifestations, treatments, transmission and virological characteristics of the virus causing the infection. Middle East respiratory syndrome, now also called MERs-CoV, was first discovered in Saudi Arabia in 2012.6,7 Similar to SARS-CoV, the A patient presented with acute pneumonia and kidney failure in June 2012.5 After culturing a sputum sample from the patient, the MERs-CoV virus strain was identified for the first time in a human host. After the initial patient was diagnosed and treated, a subsequent patient was treated in the United Kingdom and was believed to have been infected in Qatar.7,8,9 According to the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Research Group of the World Organization of health, from April 2012 to October 2013. a total of 144 confirmed cases of MERs-CoV were identified (...... middle of article ...... surveillance bias and transmissibility. Lancet Infectious Diseases [online series]. January 2014;14(1): 50-56 Available at: Academic Search Complete, Ipswich, MA Accessed March 9, 2014.11. CoV Europe: World Health Organization. //www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/communicable-diseases/influenza/news/news/2013/05/novel-coronavirus-update-new-virus-to -be-call-mers-cov. Accessed March 9, 2013.12 against the novel human coronavirus MERS-CoV Virology Journal [online series September 2013; Available from: Academic Search Alumni Edition, Ipswich, MA. Accessed March 11, 2014.13. The WHO and CDC call for vigilance. Nursing [online series]. September 2013;43(9):27. Available from: Academic Search Alumni Edition, Ipswich, MA. Accessed in March 11, 2014.