Dye chemistry is very complex and complex. There are many stages of production, and each is crucial for the final color to emerge and retain its full intensity. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”?Get the original essayA dye is an organic compound, which can be a natural or synthetic substance, used to add or change the color of something. In the past, most dyes came from natural sources such as plants and animals. More recently, chemists have begun to reproduce these colors found in nature into synthetic dyes. These synthetic dyes are generally more intensely colored and have better color fastness. Molecular structure of a dye: A dye has 2 main parts. The first is a chromophore. Each dye has a chromophore. It is a group of atoms that control the color of the dye and this is their main function. They hold their electrons tightly. Most dyes also contain 2 auxochromes. These are used to intensify the color and form chemical bonds with the fibers, so that the dye particles can attach to the fiber. They give up their electrons. Chromophores and auxochromes are linked by a conjugated system. Types of dyes: There are four main types of dyes. Direct dyes form chemical bonds with the fabric. You immerse the fabric in a solution and then there is “absorption” where the dye molecules attach to the fabric molecules. Due to the "polar" structure of the dye molecule and the fabric molecule, sections of the molecules may have a slightly positive or negative charge. The negative part of the dye molecule attracts the positive part of the fabric molecule. There is no sharing of electrons and there is a weaker bond called “Van Der Waals” and the color can easily disappear. An example of direct dyeing would be tie-dye. The second type of dye is a disperse dye. They are unique in that they are the only insoluble dyes, meaning they are not soluble in water. Disperse dyes are the most effective for dyeing polyester. The molecules that make up disperse dyes are the smallest of all dye molecules. These dyes are primarily used with dye bath solutions, and to ensure the process runs smoothly, dispersant products are used to intensify the water solubility of the dye. The third type of dye is a fiber reactive dye. These dyes can react chemically to create covalent bonds. These are the most powerful dyes. The actual chemical reaction can remove electrons or protons from tissue. This process opens sites for new bonds between the dye molecule and the tissue. This reaction produces very strong covalent bonds. The original fiber reactive dyes were created for cellulose fibers, and until today they are mainly used for this purpose. Fiber reactive dyes have been long awaited and weren't actually created until 1954. Before that, they tried many times to make the dye and fiber react, but this only resulted in ruining the material. The fourth type of dyeing is vat dyes. In vat dyes, the color forms within the fiber. Color only appears if processed correctly. An example of a vat dye is indigo. Another example would be Tyrian purple. This color is only formed when the.