The Kingdom of Hungary, essentially the Magyar Kingdom, surrounded by other states, was often vulnerable to invasion, which led to the division of the country: the central and southern parts were under the rule of the Ottoman Empire for more than a century, the northern and western parts were ruled by the Habsburgs and the eastern territory remained the Hungarian kingdom which later became the principality of Transylvania. The kingdom was finally unified in 1699, but under the rule of Habsburg Austria. Before the starving Austro Empire's dual monarchy was established in 1868, the Magyars took up arms to gain independence, as did the French and Prussians. However, the Hungarian nationalist movement was different from them, as half of the population was a mixture of different ethnic groups such as Germans, Slovaks and Romanians. The leaders of the original ethnic group spoke their own Magyar language, just as the others spoke their own language. Latin was therefore used in state affairs as well as in daily life as a means of communication. However, the ethnolinguistic nation-state model cultivated in Western Europe reached Hungarian intellectuals and their path to independence from Habsburg rule began with the assimilation program called Magyarization. In this essay, I will attempt to explain the reasons why Magyarization was brought about in the Kingdom of Hungary within Habsburg Austria, by first studying the Magyar nobility and its intentions. Next, I would like to examine how the 19th century concept of a nation-state with a single language influenced Magyarization and, in turn, sparked the Pan-Slavic movement.MagyarizationMagyarization was a movement...... middle of paper... ...designed as a linguistic assimilation to the German language. However, the nationalist movement was also a defensive movement aimed at protecting the prestigious status of the Magyar elites in the kingdom. The nobility's desire to protect their economic interests evolved into a linguistic movement, incorporating French and German linguistic philosophy to advocate a monolingual state. This could also be seen as an attempt by Hungarians to legitimize their position on the international stage. Finally, pan-Slavism also had an effect on Magyarization. Although Slovak nationalism began as a reaction to Magyarization, Hungarians nevertheless felt threatened and were moved to strengthen monolingual state policy. Therefore, Pan-Slavism was one of many factors that influenced the decision of Magyar nobles to pursue linguistic assimilation to their Magyar language..