In The Age of Ottoman Exploration, Giancarlo Casale takes a different approach to 16th-century history. Instead of focusing solely on the expansion of Western Europe, Casale attempts to present the achievements and achievements of the Ottoman Empire and describe how Europeans were not the only active players in the era of the Ottoman Empire. 'exploration. Casale's biggest question is why? Why have no other historians attempted to describe Ottoman achievements as part of the larger picture of expansion taking place during this period? Using extensive research, maps, and well-researched articles, Casale overturns what is considered common knowledge of expansion by examining a group that accomplished so much, but is often overshadowed. First, what instantly arises when analyzing this work is the immediate rejection of Casale. of common knowledge. He begins by rejecting the fact that the world of expansion was strictly European and brought about by Renaissance thought and the desire to colonize. The Ottomans are still on the back burner because they did not follow suit with the Europeans. The main objective of the Ottomans was not to colonize or explore the Atlantic kingdom and that is why in many cases the narrative is left out. Casale's statement shows that Europeans were not the only power that existed in the 16th century, but in many historical works they become the central focus. Casale is not only defending the integrity of the Ottomans, he is also talking about an empire that accomplished as much as their European counterparts but has only a few paragraphs dedicated to them in the history books. As Casale says, the Atlantic was not of great importance to the Ottomans. Instead, there are interests...... middle of paper ......spective. Casale delves into a world where few other historians have gone and, in doing so, shows the importance of the Age of Exploration in a new light. Casale answers his question: is this Empire still as important at this time even if they never ventured into the Atlantic world? The answer must be yes. It contrasts the views on religion between Muslims and Christians and takes the reader into the minds of the Ottomans, their political paths, their triumphs and their difficulties. We should also not forget Casale's in-depth work on the description of Portuguese and Ottoman designs. Through his excellent use of sources throughout the narrative and the notes listed at the end, it is evident that Casale put a lot of work into his narrative, and what he ultimately got was a compelling and profound argument that , once read, it can change the reader's perception. exploring.