Literature is the mirror that reflects the invisible side of the world. Whether it is the metaphorical description or the emotional rush it brings to readers, literature is an indispensable element in human society. Tragedy, which evokes the darkest repercussions of human suffering and destruction, has undergone great evolution over the centuries. Shattered hope may be the most important factor contributing to the success of a modern tragedy. Pure despair is capable of causing the deepest despair and panic, and without hope, everything dies. Additionally, the tragedy should be related to some current controversial and painful issues, which can evoke emotional resonance in readers because they feel real. The characters' confrontation with the impossibility of justice and sacrifice for others are common elements in a tragedy. A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini is a typical example of modern tragedy. The fiction describes the life of an illegitimate daughter, Mariam, who leads a poor life with her mother before and during the war in Afghanistan. Unlike the fairy tales of a poor girl who finally leads a happy life with a prince, Mariam's life is a pure tragedy, who never experiences so-called happiness. She lives in a repeating cycle of hope and despair. On Mariam's 15th birthday, her father, who is a wealthy movie director, forgot to take her to the movies. So Mariam goes to her father's mansion and waits on the front stairs for an entire day. At the end of the day, the driver sends her back to her cabin but then discovers to her amazement that her mother has committed suicide. Mariam then has to live with her father. She is treated well there until the day her father forces her... middle of paper ...... distinctly, in modern tragedies, miseries are often caused by the faults of others and the main characters do not are just victims of society. injustice or coercion of others towards them. This change may reflect a common social phenomenon in which no one is willing to be blamed for making a mistake and when something goes against his or her will, he or she is more likely to pass the buck to others . Literature reflects how people perceive error. world. The manner in which literature achieves satisfaction of emotion varies from time to time. Especially from the perspective of tragedies, which require a great flow and resonance of emotions, people from different eras and different cultural backgrounds appeal to a different approach to sadness. Generally speaking, the common characteristic of modern tragedies is that they derive from everyday life and the dark and invisible side of society..