The boundaries of adoption have continued to expand since World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War, where many children are become orphans. In response, the victors, notably the Americans, began to adopt children from war-torn countries (Wilkinson, 1995: 174). It was therefore a starting point for international adoption. International adoption (international or transnational) is defined as an adoption by which the child is transferred to the country of the adoptee. In recent times, the motivations for international adoption are explained by the charity of the richest and most developed countries, the desire to help countries with economic problems, as well as the insufficient number of babies in the country. The rate of international adoption has increased dramatically, sparking more concerns about its ethics. While some people see international adoption as a positive intervention, which provides good opportunities for orphaned children as well as adoptive parents, others see it as child trafficking, confirming this fact with evidence of exploitation and of child sexual abuse. Some countries, such as Romania, Vietnam and Kazakhstan, have started to close international adoption borders for an indefinite period. (Reference) Thus, the purpose of this essay is to examine whether international adoption is a positive intervention or not. First, the arguments in favor of international adoption will be presented. Next, the essay will progress to presenting the arguments against international adoption. Finally, it will attempt to critically evaluate the arguments and determine whether international adoption is a good or bad intervention. Some will say that considering the best interests of the child first, international adoption has more positive effects than negative ones. . Children on the Brink: A Joint Report on Orphan Estimates and Program Strategies. http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNACP860.pdf (accessed April 20, 2011) UNICEF position on international adoption. nd http://www.unicef.org/media/media_41118.html (accessed April 21, 2011) Wardle, LN, Bruce, C. and JR Clark. 2008. The Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption and U.S. Implementing Law: Implications for International Adoption by Gay and Lesbian Couples or Partners. INDIANA. INT'L & COMP. L. REV. 18(1): 115-126. EBSCO Host Databases. http://search.ebscohost.com (accessed February 10, 2011) Wilkinson, HS 1995. Psychological process and issues of international adoption. The American Journal of Family Therapy 23(2): 173-183. EBSCO Host Databases. http://search.ebscohost.com (accessed February 10, 2011)