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Essay / The impact of classical literature on Machiavellianism
By offering his own worldview and knowledge to the Medici family, Machiavelli draws a considerable part of his resources from classical figures and ideology. While Machiavelli writes for a prince whose goal would be to gain territory, power and control; his philosophy is simply linked to less vital victories in the lives of ordinary people. In this article I will explain where it differs from and conforms to classical ideology in the generalized context of a leader. He uses them in two ways: by approving and reinforcing them, or by refuting them. While Machiavelli maintains the need for a leader to be independent, serious, loyal and intellectual; he rejects the necessity of generosity, mercy and honesty, in favor of the outward appearance of these virtues. Although Machiavelli's view differs from the common ideology of his time and classical antiquity, it is not at odds with all virtues. One of these virtues is independence. Machiavelli devotes the beginning of his treatise to discussing the principalities and defending them. A wise and effective ruler, he said, should not use auxiliaries or mercenaries, because they will always lack unity and their true loyalties are always uncertain. For auxiliary troops, their loyalty is always to a rival, who can betray the leader at any time. Wise leaders also do not consider a victory with outside help to be a real victory. (The Prince, chapter 13, p. 49) For mercenaries, their loyalty is to whoever can offer them the most. (The Prince, chapter 12, p. 43) Machiavelli reinforces this key idea with two examples. The first is found in the Old Testament when Saul offered David his weapons and armor, which he rejected because he would be unable to fight well middle of paper ......re leaders who maintain a facade of honesty, while being adept at deceiving his rivals and enemies. It indicates that a leader cannot and must not keep his word if it could harm him. He goes on to say that men are so naive and focused on the present that any skilled deceiver would have no difficulty finding people to deceive. (The Prince, chapter 18, p. 61-62) Despite some of Machiavelli's most provocative and shocking statements in The Prince, upon close reading his values are not much different from those of the classical period. Although he rejects the true need for generosity, mercy and honesty in exchange for their appearance; it keeps the most significant remaining values as they are. The changes he makes to explain his worldview are based on his examination of humans as inherently corrupt and selfish..