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  • Essay / Arguments Against Philosophical Skepticism - 1952

    “Scepticism” refers to the theory that we possess no knowledge; skepticism denies any existence of justified belief. This article discusses the varieties of philosophical skepticism and explains the various skeptical arguments and responses to philosophical skepticism, as well as how Hume and Descartes address skepticism. This article will also describe the different arguments against skepticism and their justification. Although the arguments for skepticism and its various forms seem valid and theoretically proven, my position is against skepticism. I believe that skepticism can exist in various forms; However, I believe that the true nature of skepticism in Hume's theory is not entirely justifiable and I personally do not believe in this form of skepticism. I argue that although skepticism has apparently proven that reasoning is evidence of the external world and knowledge of it is more justified. I believe there is no positive reason to account for skepticism, which would render skeptical hypotheses inaccurate. Skepticism challenges the notion of whether certain knowledge is possible; it is the opposition of philosophical dogmatism, which considers as true the affirmation and authority of a set of statements. Descartes states the following about skepticism: To have knowledge, we must be able to differentiate between an hallucination (deception) and a perception (where there is no relevant difference, no epistemological distinction can be made). done). It is impossible to distinguish between a hallucination (or deception) and normal perception. Therefore, we do not know whether any of our perceptual beliefs are true. (Pojman, 200) Skepticism refers to two positions, knowledge and justification. There are two different classes of kn...... middle of paper ......e, and PH Nidditch. “On the origin of our ideas”. A treatise on human nature. Oxford: Clarendon, 1978. N. pag. Print.Hume, David, LA Selby-Bigge, PH Nidditch and David Hume. Investigations into human understanding and the principles of morality. Oxford: Clarendon, 1975. Print.Pojman, Louis P. “A Survey of Human Understanding.” Philosophical traditions: a text with readings. 2nd ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Pub., 1998. 205. Print. Pojman, Louis P. “Do we have knowledge of the outside world? Philosophical traditions: a text with readings. 2nd ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Pub., 1998. 208. Print.Moore, GE “Evidence from the external world.” 2005. Philosophical Articles. London: Allen and Unwin, 1959. 145-46. Print.Malcolm, Norman. “Knowledge and belief”. 2005. Knowledge and certainty: essays and lectures. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1975. 274-77. Print.