The international community is made up of many state actors who contribute in one form or another to establish a world capable of establishing key public goods. When several nations attempt to unite to achieve their collective goods, the nation may face a number of problems. There are times when countries need to come together to make decisions on specific topics like global warming, ozone depletion, space exploration, among many other issues that require collective attention ( Stiles p269). A collective good does not belong to a particular actor, cannot be refused to a player and can be used by all actors. When dealing with collective goods, there must be an investment, otherwise expenses may be accrued in the good by the player(s). The decision that needs to be made is which actor will make the investment and this is agreed through negotiation. One of the many influences on the creation of public goods is the Kyoto Protocol. The Kyoto Protocol focuses on many issues that cross national borders and require the attention of more than one country at a time. This leads to an international business situation in which various countries must resolve issues of a cross-border nature (Stiles p.268). For this to happen, countries must first recognize that there is a need for a collective good. The problem, however, arises when countries use their judgment to determine how and whether they should contribute to the collective good. Some countries may suggest that the country that caused the most damage should be the responsible party and should contribute more (Stiles p269). This is rarely the case when all the countries involved offer to contribute without any hesitation. He ...... middle of paper ...... are afraid of other powerful countries (United States and Russia). This changed at the end of the Cold War, giving rise to a new era of promise and an evolving international order (Grant p572). In 1994, the Global Conference on the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States made it clear that national, regional and international levels needed to work together to achieve better results (Grant p581). At this conference, third world countries and the United Nations should also focus more on difficult economic issues. The Development Agenda was created to address sensitivity to development concerns and the influence of global development policy decisions that were aborted 15 years ago at the Cancun Summit (Grant p582). Global transformation will focus on advancing the interests of groups that have universal membership in the UN..