The end of the First World War saw the European fighting nations grow tired, millions died on the battlefield, and political conditions changed. The German, Austrian, and Russian monarchies had been driven from power and replaced by democratic or revolutionary governments, and many European ethnic groups subject to these three states seized the opportunity to gain independence. The victors thus attempted to bring permanent peace to Europe. They were quick to accuse Germany of starting the war and decided to punish it. This is exactly what happened at the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. The Treaty of Versailles was harsh, brutal, punitive and retributive, mainly because France still had underlying rights. anger at the Franco-Prussian War. The treaty was designed to try to prevent Germany from going to war in the future. He ordered that France control the Saar Valley, rich in coal and iron, for 15 years. The German colonies were divided between France and Great Britain, and Germany itself lost a total of 13.5% of its land and 12.5% ​​of its population. The Ge...