Fungi are eukaryotic, achlorophyllous and unicellular or multicellular organisms, which can reproduce by asexual and sexual spores. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”?Get the original essayAll are eukaryotic – have membrane-bound nuclei (containing chromosomes) and a range of membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles (e.g. mitochondria, vacuoles, endoplasmic cells). reticulum). Most are filamentous – composed of individual microscopic filaments called hyphae, which grow apically and branch to form a network of hyphae called mycelium. Some are single-celled – for example yeast. The protoplasm of a hypha or cell is surrounded by a rigid framework. wall – Composed primarily of chitin and glucans, although the walls of some species contain cellulose. Many reproduce sexually and asexually – Both sexual and asexual reproduction often result in the production of spores. Their nuclei are usually haploid and the hyphal compartments are often multinucleate – Although oomycota and some yeasts have diploid nuclei, all are achlorophyll – they lack chlorophyll pigments and are incapable of photosynthesis. All are chemoheterotrophs (chemo-organotrophs) – they use pre-existing organic sources of carbon in their environment and energy from chemicals. reactions to synthesize the organic compounds they need for growth and energy. Possess a characteristic range of storage compounds – for example trehalose, glycogen, sugar alcohols and lipids. May be free-living or may form intimate relationships with other organisms, i.e. may be free-living, parasitic, or mutualistic (symbiotic). The body of the mushroom is called the “thallus”. The thallus is differentiated into a vegetative part, which absorbs nutrients, and a reproductive part, which forms the reproductive structure. These thalli are called eucarpic. for example Pythium aphanidermatum. The thallus does not present any differentiation on the vegetative and reproductive structure. After a vegetative growth phase, it transforms into one or more reproductive structures. Such thalli are called “holocarpic”, for example yeast, Synchytrium endobioticum. Keep in mind: this is just a sample. Get a personalized article now from our expert writers. Get a personalized essay. Hyphae are a transparent, usually branched, tubular filament composed of an outer cell. wall and a cavity (lumen) lined or filled with protoplasm, including the cytoplasm. Hyphae are divided into compartments or cells by cross walls called septa and are usually called septate (with cross wall) or coenocytic (aseptate - without cross wall). The hyphae of most fungi are 5 to 10 μm in diameter. Works Cited: Adams, S. (2018). Management of creativity and innovation. In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition (pp. 421-427). IGI Global. Harvard Business Review. (2017). Managing change. Harvard Business Review Press. Kouzes, J.M. and Posner, B.Z. (2017). The leadership challenge: how to achieve extraordinary things in organizations. John Wiley & Sons. Liden, R. C., Wayne, S. J., & Sparrowe, R. T. (2003). An examination of the mediating role of psychological empowerment on the relationships among work, interpersonal relationships, and work outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 945. Madsen, S.R., & Miller, D. (2018). Creative people and ethical cultures. Journal of Business Ethics, 148(2),, 62(1), 6.