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  • Essay / Hope Theory Essay - 629

    Snyder's Hope Theory: Many researchers have agreed that hope is characterized by the expectation that a desired goal will be achieved (Averill, Catlin and Chon, 1990); (Bruininks and Malle, 2005); (Farran, Herth and Popovitch, 1995); (McGeer, 2004); (Scotland, 1969). In contrast, Snyder presented a unique perspective, according to which hope comprises two evaluations occurring simultaneously: (1) the evaluation that one is capable of accomplishing the means to achieve desired ends (agency thinking); and (2) the assessment that one is capable of creating these means (pathway thinking). According to him, the experience of agency thinking and path thinking is the experience of hope. In a sense, his view suggests that hopeful people believe they are capable of doing something to achieve their goals. The main constructs of Snyder's theory of hope are: Goals: Human actions are meant to be goal-directed. Goals are the targets of mental action sequences and provide the cognitive component that anchors hope theory (Snyder, 1994a, 1994c, 1998b); (Snyder, Cheavens and Sympson, 1997); (Snyder, Sympson, Michael and Cheavens, 2000); (Scotland, 1969). Goals can be short or long term, but what is important is that they are of sufficient value to occupy conscious thought. Pathway Thinking: For people to achieve their goals, they must see themselves as capable of generating feasible routes. to these objectives. This process, called path thinking, signifies a person's perceived ability to generate feasible routes to desired goals. It has been found that path thinking is characterized by establishing internal messages similar to naming, for example: “I will find a way to get there!” » (Snyder, Lapointe, ...... middle of article ...... perceptions of successful goal pursuit. The perception of successful goal pursuit can result from unimpeded movement toward desired goals, or it may reflect instances in which the protagonist has effectively overcome any problem or blockage. Negative emotions, on the other hand, are the product of the pursuit of an unsuccessful goal, it is proposed that. Goal pursuit cognitions cause emotions Related to these points, through both co-relational and causal methodologies, it has been found that people facing invincible goal blocks experience negative emotions, whereas successful, unhindered goal pursuit or successful goal pursuit after overcoming obstacles generates positive emotions (Snyder et al..., 1996).