The polluter pays principle applies to any by-product produced that damages or violates the property rights of others. According to Cordato (2001), the polluter is considered the person and company that are the main producers of that by-product, it requires that payment equal to the damage caused be made to the people who were affected by that damage. The polluter pays principle is important in determining the cost of damages resulting from environmental violations caused by industries or individuals. The principle is applied to ensure that the cost of mitigating environmental change is internalized by the industry or individual found responsible, to combat public health risks resulting from environmental pollution. This principle has the potential to play an important role in changing the performance of industrial and commercial companies and encouraging them to adopt environmentally friendly practices. “The polluter pays principle is a principle that can be used to distribute the costs of pollution, to distribute the costs of pollution prevention, to promote rational use of limited natural or environmental resources and to avoid distortions in international trade and investment. Therefore, this essay will discuss what PPP is and also discuss three case studies that will illustrate how PPP has been engaged with businesses internationally with respect to environmental management issues. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”? Get an original essay The main advantage of this principle is that it allows responsibility to be assigned to the polluter themselves, instead of blaming everyone world for the crime he committed. not commit. Individuals or the state who have caused environmental damage are blamed and must bear the cost associated with their action. However, the disadvantage is that sometimes there is no causal link between the polluter and the pollution and it is therefore impossible to trace the pollution back to the polluter, which leads to the latter not being punished for his wrongdoing. Industries must ensure that their operations do not harm any cause of pollution by implementing new pollution control technologies and they must shift to well-planned production processes. The first case study concerns a company that polluted the environment and therefore paid six-figure sums (millions). This company, which polluted the River Tyne by pumping raw sewage into its tributary, was fined $375,000. Anglian Water Authority has made two payments over water pollution which killed fish. The Environmental Agency's legal director said they take pollution seriously and payment too because it benefits people and their environment. Payment allows the polluter to restore the environment and take responsibility for preventing it from happening again. The director of the Wildlife Trusts, Stephen Trotter, believes that the principle that the polluter must bear the cost of the damage they have caused makes sense, because everyone depends on a healthy environment and this principle helps finance certain natural improvements which would not have taken place. Payments are made to charities and Wildlife Trusts is one such charity. She uses the money to keep rare chalk streams safe and supports projects such as moorland conservation and hedgerow restoration. The second.