V. VOLUME DENSITY OF POWDERED CARBON Bulk density is important when powdered carbon is removed from treated wastewater by filtration, because it determines the weight of carbon that can be contained in a filter of a given volumetric solids capacity. When two carbons of different bulk density are used with the same weight of carbon required per gallon per gallon, more gallons can be filtered with the higher density carbon before the space available for the cake is full. Since cleaning and restarting a filter is expensive, dense carbon helps reduce costs associated with filter downtime [118]. Bulk density is important when carbon is removed by settling, which is the most common practice in water treatment. A carbon with a higher bulk density will provide a rapid settling rate and the volume of sludge that must be handled or dewatered will be less.2.9 ANTICIPATE ADSORPTION PERFORMANCE2.9.1 ACTIVATED CARBON IN GENERALThe ideal activated carbon would have the maximum amount of surface area internal with sufficient volume in the pores to contain the maximum weight of the adsorbed material. Due to its high porosity, ac...