Table of ContentsCauses and Risk FactorsSymptoms and DiagnosisTreatment and ManagementConclusionDepression is a pervasive mental health disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or fun for the activities. It affects millions of people worldwide and can significantly impair a person's ability to function in daily life. Despite its prevalence, depression often remains unrecognized or misunderstood, leading to a lack of appropriate treatment and support for those who suffer from it. This condition can manifest in a variety of forms, including major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), bipolar disorder, and seasonal affective disorder, each with its unique set of symptoms and treatment approaches. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common form of depression. People with MDD experience severe symptoms that interfere with their ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy life. A person must have symptoms for at least two weeks to be diagnosed with MDD. Persistent depressive disorder, also known as dysthymia, is a chronic form of depression in which a person experiences a low, gloomy, or sad mood almost every day for at least two years. Although the symptoms are not as severe as those of major depression, they can still significantly affect quality of life. Bipolar disorder involves episodes of depression alternating with episodes of mania or hypomania, during which the individual experiences abnormally high mood, energy levels, and activity. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that occurs at a specific time of year, usually in winter, when there is less natural sunlight. Causes and risk factors The causes of depression are multiple and involve a combination of genetic, biological and environmental factors. , and psychological factors. Genetics play an important role, as people with a family history of depression are at higher risk of developing the condition. Biological factors include changes in the levels of neurotransmitters, such as serotonin and dopamine, which affect mood regulation. Hormonal imbalances, particularly in women, can also contribute to depression, especially during times such as pregnancy, postpartum, menopause or menstrual cycles. Abnormalities in brain structure and function have been observed in people with depression, although the exact mechanisms are still being studied. Environmental factors, such as exposure to violence, neglect, abuse, or poverty, can trigger depression, especially in people predisposed to depression. disorder. Stressful life events, including the loss of a loved one, divorce, financial problems, or chronic illness, can also precipitate depressive episodes. Psychological factors, such as low self-esteem, negative thought patterns, and a tendency toward excessive self-criticism, can exacerbate the risk of developing depression. Additionally, certain personality traits, such as being overly dependent, a perfectionist, or having a pessimistic outlook on life, can increase vulnerability to depression. Symptoms and diagnosis Depression manifests itself as,.