Alan Turing was a brilliant English code breaker who helped turn the tide of World War II. He is an honorable person who has made contributions in the field of computer science and mathematics. Turing was born on June 23, 1912 in London. He was known to be an educator and a mathematician. According to his biography, he proved in his 1963 paper, "On Computable Numbers," that a universal algorithmic method for determining truth in mathematics cannot exist. He proved that mathematics contains undecidable propositions. In his article, he presents the “Turing Machine”, known to be “widely recognized as the foundation of artificial intelligence research. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an original essay At a young age, Alan Turing had shown many signs of intelligence that many of his teachers recognized. He attended a well-known school in Sherborne at the age of 13 and became interested in mathematics and science. He then enrolled at King's College (University of Cambridge) in England to study from 1931 to 1934. While attending King's College, he presented a paper "On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungs” which focused on the notion of a universal machine. Over the next two years, Turing studied mathematics and cryptology at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, then received his doctorate from Princeton University in 1938. He returned to Cambridge to take up a position in time part-time at the Government Code and Cypher School, a British code-breaking organization. This led Alan Turing to make many contributions to society. He was known as a Renaissance man who studied and contributed to the philosophical study of the nature of intelligence, biology and physics. During World War II, he worked secretly in government cryptanalysis. He wrote two articles on the mathematical approaches to codebreaking, which became such important assets to the Code and Cypher School (later known as Government Communications Quarters). He was responsible for breaking the Enigma code used by the Germans. According to Copeland, his bomber device is estimated to have shortened the war in Europe by two to four years. This had a huge impact on the war. Even though Alan Turing had contributed so much to society and the computing world, he still faced discrimination. In 1952, during an inquest, Alan Turing admitted to having had sexual relations with Arnold Murray. Homosexuality was illegal in the UK in the 1950s, so when Turing confessed to the police, he was charged with gross indecency. The humiliating ordeal he experienced ruined his life and career. Because he was gay, he was sentenced to hormonal “therapy,” during which Alan Turing was forced to undergo chemical castration. The treatment lasted a year and left Turing feeling weak and causing gynecomastia. With this criminal record, he will never again be able to work for Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), the British government's post-war codebreaking center. On June 8, 1954, Alan Turing was found dead by his cleaner. The cause of his death was cyanide poisoning. A half-eaten apple was found next to his bed. Although the apple was never tested for cyanide, it is assumed that it was the reason Alan committed suicide. Turing showed no signs of discouragement before his death and many people, including Turing's mother, believe he consumed..