Table of ContentsRole of the HackerStages of Hacking and HackingInvestigation:Investigation: Necessity of HackingTypes of HackersMalware ThreatsEthical Hacking ProcessDevices for Ethical HackersPrevent ReconnaissancePrevent Active ReconnaissancePrevent passive recognitionConclusion:References:Information security is a major concern in today's information economy. We need to protect our data from hacking. Hacking is a process of exploiting system weaknesses and gaining unapproved access to system data and resources. When businesses connect their systems and computers, despite extensive security configurations, it raises a greater risk of security issues such as data loss, security breaches and malicious attacks. The objective of this article is to describe the types of ethical hackers, the need for ethical hacking, security testing plan steps, and implement measures to reduce vulnerability to unauthorized access or damage to the information. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why violent video games should not be banned”?Get the original essayInformation security is designed to protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of system data against those with malicious intentions malicious. Increased use of the Internet has opened up access to many things like Twitter, LinkedIn, Snapchat, Instagram, Weibo, QZone, online shopping and information distribution which invite hackers to exploit personal information. So, the requirement of ethical hacking is to protect the system from destruction caused by hackers. Role of the hacker. These are computer programmers who have knowledge of computer programming and have enough information about the system they are about to hack. StepsHacking indicates the process of unauthorized intervention on a computer or network. Targeting a specific machine for hacking purposes should follow the following five steps. Investigation: This is the first step in which the hacker collects information about the object. Investigate: This step involves exploring the information gathered during the investigation step and using it to inspect the object. Hackers can use the automated tools during the investigation phase, including Unicornscan, NMap, Angry IP Scan, Nikto, and Aircrack.Gaining Entry: Actual hacks are carried out during this stage. In this, the hacker can exploit the vulnerabilities revealed during the investigation and investigation phase. Retain Access: By using malware such as rootkits, backdoors, and Trojans, hackers retain the access gained for future exploitation. to avoid detection. Need for Hacking After the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001, the need for IT professionals arose. These people are hired by companies to report security vulnerabilities and then give advice on how to fix them. Types of Hackers Hackers are diverse and varied creatures and are of seven types: Script Kiddie: These hackers don't care about hacking. They simply copy the code and use it for a virus. A common kiddie script attack is the denial of service attack. White Hat: These hackers are professionals. They help remove system vulnerabilities and perform a security audit of the test plansecurity. Black Hat: These people are hackers who harm the system by gaining unauthorized access to an asset. Gray Hat: these hackers are between good and bad hackers and can decide to reform and become a good hacker.Green Hat: They care about hacking and become hackers in their own right.Red Hat: They are vigilantes of the world of hackers. They stop by downloading viruses, DOS and accessing their computer to destroy it. Blue Hat: these are security professionals invited by companies to explore software vulnerabilities before launching them. Malware Threats Malware is any software intentionally designed to damage the computer network or server. Malware causes damage after being implanted or otherwise introduced into a target's computer's operating system and can take the form of executable code, scripts, active content and malware. other software. Malware is of the following types: Worms: Worms have the ability to self-replicate to spread to other computers. Viruses: Viruses are the most infectious type of malware. It self-replicates by copying itself into another program. Trojan: Trojan virus is designed to spy on victim's computer access file and extract sensitive data. Spyware: Is software that gathers information about a person or organization without their knowledge and can send that information to another individual. Rootkits: This is a fraudulent computer program intended to provide continued privileged access to the computer while actively hiding its presence. This could take complete control of a system. It is difficult to locate. Ethical Hacking Process The ethical hacking process requires prior planning of imperative and skillful issues. This is important for testing such as Connection Testing, Web Application Testing, Physical Penetration Testing, Network Services Testing. The security configuration plan includes the following steps: Establish test target Select test environment Define test scope Determine test restrictions Determine test window details Obtain access credentials Obtain Stakeholder Approval Ethical Hacker Devices Nmap: is a network mapper for auditing network and operating system security for local and remote hosts. This is a good way to be fast and provide in-depth results with a thorough security investigation. Wireshark: This is a network packet analyzer. A network packet analyzer will attempt to capture, filter and inspect network packets and attempt to display that data packet as detailed as possible. It is a great debugging tool if we are developing a network application. Nessus: It is a scanner that looks for vulnerabilities and misconfigurations for network attacks. It addresses software vulnerabilities, missing patches, malware, and configuration errors across various operating systems, devices, and applications. IronWASP: This is another great tool. It's free, cross-platform open source, perfect for those who need to audit their web servers and public applications. BurpSuit: It is an advanced platform to support comprehensive web application testing. It is a bundled set of tools that, in turn, help exploit security vulnerabilities. Ettercap: This is the most useful tool for man-in-the-middle and network sniffing attacks. Sniffing includes capturing and interpreting the data contained