During the 19th century, East Africa was marked by the sad event of the slave trade in response to more demanding markets. For a long time, slaves were exported via the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean to supply the Muslim world. However, the slave trade expanded significantly to the Atlantic Ocean during the 19th century. The slave trade increased during the 19th century due to the fact that the export of slaves was a profitable business, more than five times as profitable as the export of ivory and other goods. (1).In the 18th century, ivory dominated the trade of the northern Mozambique colonies, but the demand for slaves during the 19th century begging changed this scenario of elephant hunting in East Africa. From then on, expeditions and exploration efforts focused on the hinterland domain and its population in order to maintain an efficient slave trade(1). Certain economic and commercial factors were responsible for the rise of the slave trade. By 1800, large-scale production of cane sugar and other monocultures like coffee in Brazil intensified. Slaves were recruited to work in the gold mines, to assist farmers in manual labor on the land, to assist families in routine domestic work, and to operate and control the ivory trade. The presence of Islam on the East African coast in the 19th century created strengths in the region but was still very rare within the continent. This event coined the concept of "urban Islamization" since the population of the city (known as Mombosa) gave more support to the new religion than the population of the interior (known as Wanyika ) who showed a certain resistance to urban Islamism. culture (3, p.276). Along with the expansion of Islam in 1...... middle of paper ...... erica and Western Europe. Major influential countries are increasing the number of slaves in East Africa. are found in the 19th century in Portugal, France and England due to its domain in East Africa. However, it is clear that this trade would not have been enough to support the market, the natives themselves had an important role in helping to meet the demand for slaves in the slave market. Works Cited (1) Alpers, EA, in Inikori, JE ed., (1983), Forced Migration: The Impact of the Export Slave Trade on African Societies, Africana Pub (2) Feierman, S. Un century of ironies in East Africa (c.1780-1890). " In P. Curtin, S. Feierman, L. Thompson and J. Vansina. African History: From Early Times to Independence (1995). London: Longman (3) Sperling, David C., in Levtzion, N. and Pouwels, RL (2000) The History of Islam in Africa Athens: Ohio University Press..