The North didn't know what to do with the Confederate leaders. They were pardoned by President Johnson in 1868 but did not remove the remaining civil disabilities. The South is ruined. The economy collapsed. Shops and factories closed. Broken transportation system. The labor system collapsed (slavery ended). Southerners still challenged the North. Freedmen defined freedom. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essayEmancipation from slavery did not end everywhere right away. Some free blacks ended up in slavery. Many free slaves joined the Union army. Eventually, all masters were forced to free their slaves. Free many slaves now... travel in hopes of finding their families. I found work in the cities. The Church became the center of life in the black community. Congress established the Freedmen's Bureau on March 3, 1865, to aid and provide free slaves with food, clothing, medical care, and education. They were allowed to give land to black people, but few of them did so. They obtained labor contracts from blacks to work for their former masters. The South disliked the Freedmen's Bureau because it disrupted white racial domination. Having never gone to school at age 10, he became an apprentice to a tailor in North Carolina. He became involved in politics in Tennessee and was eventually elected to Congress. He became Lincoln's vice president in 1864. He was not the right person for the job when Lincoln died and became president. In 1863, Lincoln proposed his 10 percent Reconstruction plan. A state would be reinstated in the union if 10 percent of its voters took the oath of allegiance to the United States and declared that they would respect emancipation. In 1864, Congress proposed the Wade-Davis bill which mandated that 50 percent of voters take the oath of allegiance to the United States and affirmed that they would respect emancipation. Lincoln vetoed it. Southern states, trying to maintain a workforce, imposed these codes on blacks who canceled their employment contracts so they could catch them and have them lose their wages and come back to work. The codes sought to restore the pre-emancipation system of race relations. The Southern states showed up in the capital in December 1865 to claim their seats. Furious Congressional Republican. Without Southern senators, they freely passed laws to their advantage. The South could try to join the Northern Democrats and take control of the Senate. Johnson vetoed a bill that would have extended the Freedmen's Bureau. Republicans responded with the Civil Rights Bill, which gave blacks the privilege of American citizenship. Johnson vetoed this proposal, but Congress later rejected it. They made it the 14th amendment to the constitution. Johnson dedicated a monument in Chicago to Stephen Douglas. Johnson was very successful in Congress due to his bad speeches and the Republicans won more than two-thirds of the vote. The Republicans now had full control of Reconstruction policy. There was opposition to rapid restoration of the South in order to keep them out for as long as possible to allow for social and economic transformation. Numerous race riots occurred in southern cities and Congress passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867. The South is divided into 5 military districts, each commanded by a union. in general, it also disenfranchised thousands of former Confederates. The law does not go so far as to give.