In the ABO blood group system, red blood cells in humans have molecular differences from one individual to another. The differences are systematic and can be characterized according to a system of four different hereditary types; A, B, AB and O. These types together form the blood grouping system, ABO. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get an Original Essay The differences between these four hereditary blood groups are because the four types have different variants or combinations of antigens. In the ABO group, antigens are carbohydrate chains located in the membrane on the surface of red blood cells. Every human individual has antibodies against the variants that they do not have. Carbohydrate chains come in two main groups, A and B. Humans with blood type A have type A carbohydrate chains. Humans with blood type B have type B carbohydrate chains. Humans with type AB have both types of chains, while Type O humans have none. In plasma, a human being always has antibodies against antigen A and/or B which he does not have. A person with blood type O has both anti-A and anti-B, a person with blood type A has anti-B, a person with blood type B has anti-A, while a person with blood type AB does not have an A. or B. The genome that determines blood type in the ABO system is located on chromosome 9 and there are three alleles A, B and O. The gene codes for an enzyme (glycosyl transferase ) which attaches an additional carbohydrate unit to H. -antigen (oligosaccharide) on red blood cells. The B allele provides an enzyme that connects to galactose. The A allele provides an enzyme that connects to N-acetyl-galactosamine while the O allele provides a nonfunctional enzyme. In the ABO blood group system, red blood cells in humans have molecular differences from one individual to another. The differences are systematic and can be characterized according to a system of four different hereditary types; A, B, AB and O. These types together form the blood grouping system, ABO. The differences between these four hereditary blood groups are because the four types have different variants or combinations of antigens. In the ABO group, antigens are carbohydrate chains located in the membrane on the surface of red blood cells. Every human individual has antibodies against the variants that they do not have. Carbohydrate chains come in two main groups, A and B. Humans with blood type A have type A carbohydrate chains. Humans with blood type B have type B carbohydrate chains. Humans with type AB have both types of chains, while Type O humans have none. In plasma, a human being always has antibodies against antigen A and/or B which he does not have. A person with blood type O has both anti-A and anti-B, a person with blood type A has anti-B, a person with blood type B has anti-A, while a person with blood type AB does not have an A. or B.Keep in mind: this is just a sample.Get a personalized article now from our expert writers.Get a personalized essayThe Genome That Determines Blood Type in the ABO system is located on chromosome 9, and there are three alleles A, B and O. The gene codes for an enzyme (glycosyl transferase) that connects an additional carbohydrate unit to the H antigen (oligosaccharide) on blood cells red. The B allele provides an enzyme that connects to galactose. The A allele provides an enzyme that connects to N-acetyl-galactosamine..