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Essay / Zimbabwe's Hyperinflation - 1464
Have you ever seen a $100 trillion bill? It may seem impossible, but in early 2009, the government of Zimbabwe made it possible. The hyperinflation that hit Zimbabwe from 2004 to 2009 produced “starving billionaires”. It reached its peak in 2008, with a rate of 231 million percent. Although the world has faced a number of runaway inflations, Zimbabwe is the only country to have experienced hyperinflationary episodes in the 21st century. According to the New York Times, hyperinflation has increased so frighteningly that “if you need something and have cash, you buy it. If you have money, you spend it today, because tomorrow it will be worth 5 percent less” (Wines). Most of the time, inflation is preceded by an increase in the money supply to cover the costs of wars, end empires, or create new ones. Similarly, Zimbabwe entered the hyperinflation phase when government policies forced the RBZ (Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe) to print money which helped it pay some debts but in return gave change worthless. The debates continued and measures were taken to get Zimbabwe out of this critical situation. Thus, at the end of 2008, Zimbabwe's hyperinflation was brought under control thanks to the adoption of American monetary policy. In 1980, when Zimbabwe became an independent country on the world map, annual inflation was 5.4 percent. This number increased monthly by 0.5 percent. At that time, the $20 Zimbabwean dollar was the dominant currency and was used in 95% of all Zimbabwean transactions. The weakening of Zimbabwe's economy began in 1999, when economic activities began to decline and public debt began to increase. During the years 2000 and 2001, following the redistribution of land, agricultural tracks were redistributed...... middle of paper ...... queues for hours for food which was not even guaranteed. However, dollarization was the right solution to replace the Zimbabwean currency which had become worthless. Although the economy faced many challenges such as infrastructure deficiencies, a heavy external debt burden, and limited formal employment after dollarization, Zimbabwe's GDP began to increase. According to the Confederation of Zimbabwe Industries, GDP increased by 5% in 2013 after a slow decline in the GDP rate in 2012. Furthermore, according to the Ministry of Finance and the RBZ, there is continuity in the increase in public revenue, bank deposits, agricultural production and mining production. In conclusion, people are the essential element for the growth of an economy. So, to continue this growth, people must have confidence that hyperinflation will not return and that tough times are here to combat it..