Lysosomes are specialized vesicles located inside eukaryotic cells; they contain digestive enzymes that break down any unknown material entering the cell. The real name "lysosome" means to release the body, the enzymes it produces cause lysis otherwise known as disintegration. These enzymes are mainly used to destroy bacteria taken up by the cell or to destroy any worn out part of the cell. The enzymes present in the lysosome are so powerful that if released they could destroy their host cell; therefore, in most normal cells, they remain quarantined in the lysosome membrane. The main functions of lysosomes are to break down any individual protein into all types of biological polymers, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. In other words, lysosomes can be thought of as the digestive system of cells. There are different ways for lysosomes to rid the cell of intrusion. One of the most common methods involves phagocytosis, whereby the lysosome actually eats the bacteria or virus and can recycle its receptor proteins back into the cell wall through endocytosis. For the lysosome to function, it needs a pH of 4.5. With such an acidic pH, it can cause a lot of damage to the intracellular fluid, which in turn is alkaline with a high pH. Fortunately, lysosomes are surrounded by a membrane that protects any damage to the cells' cytosol. There are more than 50 known diseases associated with lysosome dysfunction, such as Gaucher disease, Tay Sachs disease, Pompe disease, and beta-galactosidase deficiency. Including many in which the lysosomes cannot break down the material that enters the cell, therefore retaining it rather than disintegrating it, there are others where the lysosome...... middle of paper.. .... is ineffective. (Kelly, Jeffrey Dr.) Dr. Jeffrey Kelly also adds: “The research is particularly promising because we have improved cell folding and function of mutated lysosomal enzymes, whose impaired function is linked to lysosomal storage diseases, using two distinct categories of lysosomal enzymes approved by the FDA. medicines that have been shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of high blood pressure and muscle spasms. " The first author of this study, Derrick Sek Tong Ong, said: "We wanted to discover general principles that could be applied to a variety of loss-of-function diseases of protein misfolding. This study reveals how we can improve the ability of the cellular machinery to fold and transport a mutant enzyme, so that the protein can function better. "This study helped us conclude that prescription medications help restore cellular function to normal.