Moving away from Foucault and Bentham, David Lyon embarked on a quest for other theories of surveillance. He writes: “It seems clear that constructive contributions to surveillance theory are needed. Surveillance theory cannot ignore the panopticon but it can surely go beyond it” (12). Which direction to take is still an ongoing debate. Some did not go far and turned to Foucault's governmentality, others looked to an Orwellian model, Deleuze, Baudrillard, Zizek, Arendt and Kant to name a few. This article will turn to Henri Lefebvre and his book Production of Space as Lefebvre became popular in surveillance theory and later in this article will be useful in discussing helicopters and how Mike Davis occupies the idea of creation in Los Angeles of a “defensible space”. Henri Lefebvre was a French social theorist and philosopher who had been appropriated into the world of urban studies by a generation of geographers, architects and urban planners. The Production of Space is often cited as Lefebvre's best-known work, even though the English translation was not published until 1991, 17 years after its first publication in French (1974). In France, Lefebvre is known as a “Marxist philosopher and rural-urban sociologist” who “brought an accessible Marx to an entire generation of French academics” (Merrifield 2006: xxxvii). During his career, Lefebvre wrote 67 books; however, to date the majority have not been translated into English, which explains why The Production of Space is his most influential work in English-speaking countries. The book itself encompasses a wide range of disciplines and is inspired by “the project of a different society, a different mode of production, where social practice would be governed by different media..... .ace that we carry. In fact, he claims that Descartes' dichotomy (between mental space (res cogitans) and material space (res extensa) (Lefebvre 39), these ways of knowing space imply and propagate a fundamental misunderstanding of how whose space structures our lives To understand, physical, mental and social elements as one, he introduces his conceptual triad - spatial practice (perceived), representation of space (conceived) and representational spaces (experienced), in order to reconfigure the way in which representation functions in our experience of space. In Lefebvre's system, representation permeates all spatial experience. The physical, the mental and the social now have the configuration required to be conceptualized in a meta. - unifying theory, by “bringing together the different types of space and the modalities of their genesis with a single theory” (Lefebvre. 16).