In the 17th century, British monarchs began settling farmers in Ireland, where some eventually stayed and raised families. English influence was strongest in Leinster and Scottish influence was common in Ulster, particularly in counties Antrim and Down. Mutual fear and distrust between groups created many problems and conflicts. The indigenous population was unhappy about losing their land and way of life, while the settlers feared reprisals. Laws that gave preference or protection to these settlers increased tensions and sparked several armed rebellions. Gradually the two groups split into the wealthier Protestant settlers of British descent and the poorer Catholic descendants of the indigenous population. Each developed a distinct identity and came to view each other as former enemies, strengthened by questionable actions on both sides. This set the stage for the conflict and feelings that would arise in the 19th and 20th centuries.