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Essay / Types of nationalism in Quebec - 2723
Quebec, “La Belle Province”, is a unique province within the Canadian federation. This singularity does not come from the beauty of the landscapes or the widespread corruption in the province. Rather, Quebec's distinctive character stems from the complexities surrounding its national identity. These nuances intertwine with the already complex political, economic and social layers that constitute the complex fabric of Quebec. There are two ideal types of nationalism: ethnic and civic. Ethnic nationalism is based on a notion of belonging based on shared ancestry and descent. It draws its power from the fact that a nation is made up of members who share a common lineage – historically, linguistically and culturally (Muller, 2008). Civic nationalism is characterized by adherence to the democratic principles, political foundations and institutions of a nation. It offers open membership to anyone willing to accept these values, beyond birth and naturalization (Stilz, 2009). However, other emerging forms of nationalism can be observed in the Quebec context. Compared to modern Quebec, the question arises: what type of nationalism prevails in the province? In this article, I attempt to answer this question by providing three arguments that illuminate the complexities surrounding contemporary Quebec nationalism. The characteristics of these types of nationalism are examined through their underlying ideologies which continually influence Quebec political debate. Finally, the notion of ambiguity is contemporary depending on who the question is asked and on what factors we must focus. Current Quebec nationalism: civic Some contemporary elements of the nation...... middle of paper..... .through immigration policies that provide settlement opportunities and encourage the integration of external groups (Stilz, 2009). The provincial government's desire to treat migrants from around the world fairly is reflected in the composition of instruments aimed at facilitating this issue, such as the Bouchard-Taylor Commission (Tremblay, 2010). Free trade nationalism is propelled by globalization as a means to economic and political sovereignty. However, this type of nationalism can work against secessionists, because it could give more power to the Canadian federation (Hamilton, 2004). Finally, left-wing nationalism is a composite of democracy and liberalism. Québec Solidaire is an excellent example that embraces diversity, independence and openness. Built-in electoral obstacles can hinder party success; therefore, maintain the status quo (Fidler, 2012).