The Second Opium War, sometimes called the War of Arrows, or the Second China War, began on October 8, 1856. It then continued until October 18, 1860 At the time, Britain, Europe and the United States all wanted to restore trade with China. But the Emperor refuses these requests, which increases tensions. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on “Why Violent Video Games Should Not Be Banned”? Get the original essay The Second War continued after the First Opium War. This was partly due to the Treaty of Nanking. It turned out that Britain was unhappy with the outcome of the treaty. Because they have not achieved their goals of improving trade and diplomatic relations with China. During the Second Opium War (1856–1860), fought between a Franco-British alliance and China, the Chinese government was forced to legalize the trade, although it had to pay a fee. a small import tax on opium. At that time, opium imports into China reached 50,000 to 60,000 chests per year, and they continued to increase for the next three decades. The British and French were supposed to simply establish their embassies, as stipulated in the Treaty of Tientsin, but then the Chinese did not allow them to land at first, and then the British and French wiped out a Qing army of 10,000 men. Chinese summer palaces were looted and burned. Since then, the British and their allies had their privileges to enter Beijing. In total, around 2,900 Western troops were killed or injured, while China had between 12,000 and 30,000 killed or injured. The Chinese were forced to accept the validity of the Treaties of Tianjin, cede part of Kowloon to Britain, open Tianjin as a trading port, allow religious freedom, legalize the trade of opium and to pay reparations to Britain and France. Although not belligerent, Russia took advantage of China's weakness and concluded the Supplementary Treaty of Beijing which gives approximately 400,000 square miles of territory to St. Petersburg. In the 1850s, the British forced the issue by attacking the Chinese port cities of Guangzhou and Tianjin. in the Second Opium War due to dissatisfaction with the unequal treaty of the Chinese government (Nanking). Anglo-French forces captured Guangzhou, Guangdong, and the Taku forts near Tientsin (Tianjin). China capitulated and was forced to sign the Punitive Treaty of Tientsin in June 1858. As a result, France, Russia, and the United States all signed treaties with China at Tianjin in 1858. Treaty benefit: These treaties granted Western powers a certain number of rights and privileges. The number of treaty ports increased, British-French diplomats and other allies were allowed to establish legations and live in Beijing. The agreements reached in Tianjin also set new low tariffs on imported goods, giving a significant advantage to foreign traders. Keep in mind: this is just a sample. Get a personalized document now from our expert writers. Get a Custom Essay In the following days, Prince Gong met with Western diplomats and agreed to the Beijing Convention. Under the terms of the convention, the Chinese were forced to accept the validity of the Treaties of Tianjin, cede part of Kowloon to Britain, open Tianjin as a trading port, allow religious freedom, legalize the opium trade and pay reparations to Britain and the..