Diabetes mellitus, usually called diabetes, is caused by a decrease in insulin secretion by pancreatic islet cells, leading to an increase in the concentration of glucose in the blood , a condition known as hyperglycemia. Diabetes insipidus is a disorder defined by the secretion of huge amounts of very dilute urine, whether due to a reduction in fluid intake. This is due to a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, produced by the posterior pituitary gland. Diabetes mellitus is associated with extreme weight loss, a higher urge to urinate, also known as polyuria, higher levels of thirst (polydipsia), and an extreme urge to eat known as polyphagia. This disorder has been classified as type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes and type 2 diabetes or non-insulin-dependent diabetes, another type is gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by a deficiency of insulin-secreting beta cells in the islets of Langerhans present in the pancreas, resulting in a lack of insulin. The main cause of this beta cell deficiency is an autoimmune attack mediated by T cells. In children, type 1 diabetes is called juvenile diabetes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the result of insulin resistance or decreased insulin sensitivity coupled with reduced insulin production. Defective responsiveness of body tissues to insulin normally involves the insulin receptor found in cell membranes. The other type, gestational diabetes, occurs in women who have never been diagnosed with diabetes before and have high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. There is no explicit reason that has been recognized, but it is assumed that the hormones secreted in the middle of the article......to demonstrate that hemoglobin attaches to the VIVO2+ ion in two locations of comparable forces, named β and γ. This study also proved that the interaction of red blood cells cannot be ignored when the transport or pharmacological properties of a compound V are taken into account. In general, this article well supports the available information regarding hemoglobin. This article reinforces the available information regarding diseases, genetics, and functions of hemoglobin proteins. The authors achieve this by going back to the basic level via examination of the crystallographic structures of hemoglobin. This research demonstrated new examples associated with hemoglobin, regarding its processes and purpose of movement. This study has immense implications for the understanding and management of various hemoglobin diseases.